Alcohol Control Policies in 46 African Countries: Opportunities for Improvement
Alcohol Control Policies in 46 African Countries: Opportunities for Improvement
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DOI：
10.1093/alcalc/agv036
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发表时间：
2015-07-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Parry, Charles D. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ferreira-Borges, Carina;Esser, Marissa B.;Parry, Charles D. H.
关于非洲国家在多大程度上解决酒精消费和酒精相关危害的信息很少，这表明需要对该区域的国家酒精政策进行评价。本文的目的是研究非洲国家酒精控制政策组合的强度，以及酒精政策限制性分数与国家层面饮酒者人均酒精消费量（APC）之间的关系。我们研究了46个非洲国家的国家酒精政策，截至2012年，分为四个监管类别（价格、可获得性、营销和酒后驾驶），并使用调整后的酒精政策指数（API）分析了国家酒精政策的限制性。为了评估政策限制性分数的有效性，我们在40个国家的饮酒者中进行了政策限制性分数和APC之间的相关性分析。各国的平均分数为44.1（满分100分），范围从9.1（圣多美和普林西比）到75.0（阿尔及利亚），分数低表明政策限制性低。政策限制性得分与饮酒者的APC呈负相关（r（s）=-0.353，P = 0.005）。目前已有比较各国酒精政策限制程度的工具，这些工具是监测酒精政策发展的重要工具。政策限制与饮酒者的酒精消费量之间的负相关关系表明，需要加强酒精政策，并在国家一级加强培训和能力建设。
There is little information on the extent to which African countries are addressing alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm, which suggests that evaluations of national alcohol policies are needed in this region. The aim of this article is to examine the strength of a mix of national alcohol control policies in African countries, as well as the relationship between alcohol policy restrictiveness scores and adult alcohol per capita consumption (APC) among drinkers at the national level.We examined national alcohol policies of 46 African countries, as of 2012, in four regulatory categories (price, availability, marketing and drink-driving), and analyzed the restrictiveness of national alcohol policies using an adapted Alcohol Policy Index (API). To assess the validity of the policy restrictiveness scores, we conducted correlational analyses between policy restrictiveness scores and APC among drinkers in 40 countries.Countries attained a mean score of 44.1 of 100 points possible, ranging from 9.1 (Sao Tom, and Principe) to 75.0 (Algeria), with low scores indicating low policy restrictiveness. Policy restrictiveness scores were negatively correlated with and APC among drinkers (r(s) = -0.353, P = 0.005).There is great variation in the strength of alcohol control policies in countries throughout the African region. Tools for comparing the restrictiveness of alcohol policies across countries are available and are an important instrument to monitor alcohol policy developments. The negative correlation between policy restrictiveness and alcohol consumption among drinkers suggests the need for stronger alcohol policies as well as increased training and capacity building at the country level.