The impact of epidermal melanin on objective measurements of human skin colour
The impact of epidermal melanin on objective measurements of human skin colour
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DOI：
10.1034/j.1600-0749.2002.1o072.x
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发表时间：
2002-04-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Heath, A
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作者：
Alaluf, S;Atkins, D;Heath, A
用三色刺激（L*a*B*）色度计对不同种族皮肤类型的人的肤色进行客观测量。这些与从相同部位获得的皮肤活检中的黑色素含量、黑色素组成和黑色素体大小的生化测量进行比较。发现L*、a* 和B* 值随种族而显著变化。通常，组成性深色皮肤类型比组成性浅色皮肤类型具有更低的V值、更高的a* 值和更高的B* 值。总表皮黑色素含量似乎是人皮肤中V值的主要决定因素（r=-0.88; P < 0.00001），而黑色素体大小也对L* 值具有显著但更微妙的影响（r =-0.73，P <0.00001）。表皮黑色素对a* 值也有很强的正贡献（r = 0.66，P < 0.0000 1），这解释了本研究中观察到的a* 值的种族差异。黑色素也是较浅皮肤类型中B* 值的主要贡献者（r=0.71，P < 0.00001）。然而，这种关系在较暗的皮肤类型中破裂，其中B* 值实际上达到最大值，然后随着皮肤中黑色素浓度的增加而降低。这似乎是因为表皮中高浓度的黑色素对黄光的光学掩蔽。分析L* 之间的关系。人皮肤中的a* 和B* 值表明它们非常紧密地相互关联，并且表明表皮中的黑色素的光学性质与织物基底上的染料的光学性质非常相似。
Objective measurements of human skin colour were made with a tristimulus (L*a*b*) chromameter in a range of different ethnic skin types. These were compared with biochemical measurements of melanin content, melanin composition and melanosome size in skin biopsies obtained from the same sites. L*, a* and b* values were found to vary significantly with ethnicity. In general, constitutively dark skin types have lower V values, higher a* values and higher b* values than constitutively light skin types. Total epidermal melanin content appears to be the primary determinant of V values in human skin (r=-0.88; P < 0.00001), whilst melanosome size also has a significant but more subtle influence on L* values (r = -0.73, P < 0.0000 1). There is also a strong positive contribution to a* values from epidermal melanin (r = 0.66, P < 0.0000 1), which accounts for the ethnic variation in a* values observed in this study. Melanin is also a major contributor to b* values in lighter skin types (r=0.71, P < 0.00001). However, this relationship breaks down in darker skin types where b* values actually reach a maximum and then decrease as the concentration of melanin in the skin increases. This appears to be because of optical masking of yellow light by high concentrations of melanin in the epidermis. Analysis of the relationships between L*. a* and b* values in human skin indicate that they are very closely interrelated, and suggest that the optical properties of melanin in the epidermis are very similar to those of a dye on a fabric substrate.