Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cancer Cell Cytotoxicity: Implications for Multi-Targeted Cancer Therapy.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cancer Cell Cytotoxicity: Implications for Multi-Targeted Cancer Therapy.
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DOI：
10.3390/jcm5020015
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发表时间：
2016-01-26
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Velotti F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D'Eliseo D;Velotti F
癌症是世界范围内的主要疾病。尽管肿瘤治疗取得了进展，但传统的细胞毒疗法导致的长期生存并不令人满意，主要与肿瘤细胞的耐药性和对正常细胞的毒性有关。N-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)，二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)，可以单独或与传统疗法联合使用，通过诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡而发挥抗肿瘤活性。事实上，n-3多不饱和脂肪酸可能会增加肿瘤细胞对传统疗法的敏感性，可能会改善它们的疗效，特别是对耐药癌症的疗效。此外，与传统疗法相比，n-3多不饱和脂肪酸似乎对癌细胞具有选择性细胞毒性，而对正常细胞几乎没有毒性。本文综述了n-3多不饱和脂肪酸通过细胞凋亡抑制肿瘤细胞活性的研究，分析了这种有效和选择性活性的分子机制。在这里，我们重点介绍了n-3多不饱和脂肪酸潜在靶向触发癌细胞凋亡的多个分子。这一分析可以更好地理解n-3PUFAs潜在的抗癌细胞毒治疗作用，为设计未来的临床前和临床研究提供特定的信息和支持，以便更好地将n-3PUFAs用于癌症治疗，主要是联合治疗。
Cancer is a major disease worldwide. Despite progress in cancer therapy, conventional cytotoxic therapies lead to unsatisfactory long-term survival, mainly related to development of drug resistance by tumor cells and toxicity towards normal cells. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), can exert anti-neoplastic activity by inducing apoptotic cell death in human cancer cells either alone or in combination with conventional therapies. Indeed, n-3 PUFAs potentially increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to conventional therapies, possibly improving their efficacy especially against cancers resistant to treatment. Moreover, in contrast to traditional therapies, n-3 PUFAs appear to cause selective cytotoxicity towards cancer cells with little or no toxicity on normal cells. This review focuses on studies investigating the cytotoxic activity of n-3 PUFAs against cancer cells via apoptosis, analyzing the molecular mechanisms underlying this effective and selective activity. Here, we highlight the multiple molecules potentially targeted by n-3 PUFAs to trigger cancer cell apoptosis. This analysis can allow a better comprehension of the potential cytotoxic therapeutic role of n-3 PUFAs against cancer, providing specific information and support to design future pre-clinical and clinical studies for a better use of n-3 PUFAs in cancer therapy, mainly combinational therapy.