Variations in Rates of Biological Production in the Beaufort Gyre as the Arctic Changes: Rates From 2011 to 2016
Variations in Rates of Biological Production in the Beaufort Gyre as the Arctic Changes: Rates From 2011 to 2016
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DOI：
10.1029/2018jc014805
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发表时间：
2019-06
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通讯作者：
Brenda Y. Ji;Z. Sandwith;W. Williams;O. Diaconescu;R. Ji;Yun Li;Emma Van Scoy;M. Yamamoto‐Kawai;S. Zimmermann;R. Stanley
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作者：
Brenda Y. Ji;Z. Sandwith;W. Williams;O. Diaconescu;R. Ji;Yun Li;Emma Van Scoy;M. Yamamoto‐Kawai;S. Zimmermann;R. Stanley
随着气候变暖，北冰洋正在经历深刻的环境变化。了解这些变化将如何影响北极生物生产力是预测未来北极生态系统和全球二氧化碳平衡的关键。在这里，我们使用原位气体测量，以量化总氧生产率（GOP，总光合作用）和净群落生产率（NCP，净CO2下降的生物泵）在夏季或秋季在博福特环流2016年。NCP和GOP表现出空间和时间变化，较高的值与海冰浓度较低和海洋上层分层增加有关。GOP的平均速率范围为8 ± 1至54 ± 9 mmol O2·m−2·d− 1，2012年夏季的平均速率最高。NCP的平均速率范围为1.3 ± 0.2至2.9 ± 0.5 mmol O2·m−2·d−1。NCP/GOP的平均比率是衡量生态系统营养物质循环效率的一个指标，范围从0.04到0.17，与低纬度地区观察到的比率相似。此外，2012年海冰覆盖率历史上最低的一年，光合作用总量大幅增加，并持续多年。总之，这些数据提供了一个最完整的特征的年际变化的生物生产力在这个气候重要的地区，可以作为未来的生产率变化的基线，并提供了一个有趣的一瞥如何北极地区可能会对未来缺乏海冰。
The Arctic Ocean is experiencing profound environmental changes as the climate warms. Understanding how these changes will affect Arctic biological productivity is key for predicting future Arctic ecosystems and the global CO2balance. Here we use in situ gas measurements to quantify rates of gross oxygen production (GOP, total photosynthesis) and net community production (NCP, net CO2drawdown by the biological pump) in the mixed layer in summer or fall from 2011 to 2016 in the Beaufort Gyre. NCP and GOP show spatial and temporal variations with higher values linked with lower concentrations of sea ice and increased upper ocean stratification. Mean rates of GOP range from 8 ± 1 to 54 ± 9 mmol O2·m−2·d−1with the highest mean rates occurring in summer of 2012. Mean rates of NCP ranged from 1.3 ± 0.2 to 2.9 ± 0.5 mmol O2·m−2·d−1. The mean ratio of NCP/GOP, a measure of how efficiently the ecosystem is recycling its nutrients, ranged from 0.04 to 0.17, similar to ratios observed at lower latitudes. Additionally, a large increase in total photosynthesis that occurred in 2012, a year of historically low sea ice coverage, persisted for many years. Taken together, these data provide one of the most complete characterizations of interannual variations of biological productivity in this climatically important region, can serve as a baseline for future changes in rates of production, and give an intriguing glimpse of how this region of the Arctic may respond to future lack of sea ice.