Contrasting Impacts of Climate and Competition on Large Sugar Pine Growth and Defense in a Fire-Excluded Forest of the Central Sierra Nevada
Contrasting Impacts of Climate and Competition on Large Sugar Pine Growth and Defense in a Fire-Excluded Forest of the Central Sierra Nevada
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内华达山脉中部防火森林中气候和竞争对大型糖松生长和防御的影响对比
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rosemary L. Sherriff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Andrew W. Slack;J. Kane;E. Knapp;Rosemary L. Sherriff
在美国西部，许多具有大量松木成分的森林生态系统经历了与气候变化有关的环境压力，以及在没有火灾的情况下与森林密度的竞争加剧。气候变化和竞争如何影响碳分配给树木生长和防御的信息是预测树木活力和最终林分结构变化所必需的。本研究回顾性研究了年度气候和竞争措施对加州内华达山脉中部混合针叶林113株大型糖松（lambertiana Pinus）生长和防御的影响。研究发现，1月份较高的温度和较低的种内竞争与大型糖松的生长呈正相关。树脂风管尺寸与气候水分亏缺和总竞争呈负相关，而树脂风管面积与总竞争呈正相关。从1979年到2012年，树脂管道尺寸的增长速度增加，而树脂管道尺寸减小。结果表明，随着时间的推移，树木活力指标对气候和竞争因素的响应不同，可能导致不同的生长和防御趋势。与温度升高和竞争加剧相关的胁迫可能显著影响单株和林分水平的活力，并对未来森林动态具有潜在影响。
Many forest ecosystems with a large pine component in the western United States have experienced environmental stress associated with climate change and increased competition with forest densification in the absence of fire. Information on how changes in climate and competition affect carbon allocation to tree growth and defense is needed to anticipate changes to tree vigor and, ultimately, stand structure. This study retrospectively examined the influence of annual climate and competition measures on the growth and defense of 113 large sugar pines (Pinus lambertiana) in a mixed-conifer forest of the central Sierra Nevada of California. We found that growth in large sugar pine was positively associated with higher January temperatures and lower intraspecific competition. Resin duct size was negatively associated with climatic water deficit and total competition, while resin duct area contrastingly showed a positive relationship with total competition. From 1979 to 2012, the rates of growth increased, while resin duct size decreased. Our results suggest that tree vigor measures can respond differently to climate and competition factors that may lead to separate growth and defense trends over time. Stress associated with warmer temperatures and higher competition may distinctly influence individual tree and stand-level vigor with potential implications for future forest dynamics.
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker
通讯作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker