Genetic status of fragmented populations of the Asian black bear Ursus thibetanus in western Japan
Genetic status of fragmented populations of the Asian black bear Ursus thibetanus in western Japan
复制标题
日本西部亚洲黑熊 Ursus thibetanus 零散种群的遗传状况
DOI：
10.1007/s10144-001-8186-4
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
E. Kitahara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Saitoh;Y. Ishibashi;H. Kanamori;E. Kitahara
利用微卫星DNA标记研究了日本西部亚洲黑熊的群体遗传状态。虽然在这一地区已经确认了三个分散的种群，即，中国西部（WC）、中国东部（EC）和北方近畿（NK）种群，最近有人指出，NK种群也分为两个亚种群，西部（WNK）和东部（ENK）种群。我们研究了这四个群体的遗传状态的基础上，他们之间的杂合度和遗传距离（FST）。平均观察杂合性，即，在所检测的6个微卫星位点中，WC（0.272;n= 52）和WNK（0.311;n= 66）的遗传多样性显著低于ENK（0.445;n= 67）。反映居群间地理距离的FST值，WC与WNK（0.244）、WC与ENK（0.229）的FST值均高于WNK与ENK（0.066）。最近的两个群体（WNK和ENK）之间也存在较低但显著的遗传分化。虽然EC的状态没有最终确定，因为它的小样本量（n= 24），其遗传多样性似乎是在一个类似的水平，WC和WNK。这些结果表明，WC，这是孤立的，已经失去了遗传多样性，而WNK，这一直被认为是形成一个相对较大的群体与ENK，可能是从其他群体遗传隔离。WNK、WC和EC应加强保护。
The population genetic status of the Asian black bearUrsus thibetanusin the western part of Japan was examined using microsatellite DNA markers. Although three fragmented populations have been recognized in this region, i.e., the western Chugoku (WC), eastern Chugoku (EC), and northern Kinki (NK) populations, it was recently pointed out that the NK population has also been divided into two subpopulations, the western (WNK) and the eastern (ENK) populations. We examined the genetic status of these four populations based on their heterozygosities and the genetic distances (FST) between them. The mean observed heterozygosity, i.e., genetic diversity, of the six microsatellite loci examined, was significantly lower in WC (0.272;n= 52) and WNK (0.311;n= 66) than that in ENK (0.445;n= 67), respectively. Reflecting geographic distances among populations,FSTwas higher between WC and WNK (0.244) and between WC and ENK (0.229) than that between WNK and ENK (0.066), respectively. There was also low but significant genetic differentiation between the two nearest populations (WNK and ENK). Although the status of EC was not conclusively determined because of its small sample size (n= 24), its genetic diversity seemed to be at a level similar to that of WC and WNK. These results suggest that WC, which is isolated from the others, has been losing genetic diversity, and that WNK, which had been thought to form a relatively large population together with ENK, might be isolated genetically from other populations. WNK, as well as WC and EC, should be conserved intensively.