Amendments fail to hasten biocrust recovery or soil stability at a disturbed dryland sandy site
Amendments fail to hasten biocrust recovery or soil stability at a disturbed dryland sandy site
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DOI：
10.1111/rec.12870
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Belnap, Jayne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chandler, David G.;Day, Natalie;Belnap, Jayne
在大多数旱地，生物土壤结皮（生物结皮）是地衣、苔藓、真菌、绿色藻类和蓝细菌的集合体，对健康的生态系统功能至关重要。然而，他们对干扰极为敏感，为帮助他们康复所作的努力取得了不同的成功。在这项研究中，我们应用土壤改良剂，旨在提高土壤表面的稳定性和加速生物结壳恢复的石油/天然气勘探车辆干扰的区域。治疗包括：（1）对照（仅一次水）;（2）仅生物结壳：生物结壳接种物+水中的营养物;（3）聚丙烯酰胺凝胶（已知其稳定土壤）+生物结壳接种物+水中的营养物;（4）石膏+生物结壳接种物+水中的营养物;和（5）盐水（NaCl）溶液+生物结壳接种物+水中的营养物。只有NaCl处理对土壤性质有影响，而且这些影响只是短期的。这些影响包括土壤强度的增加和土壤团聚体的稳定性，不饱和导水率（K-h），和蓝藻生物量的减少。接种的生物壳材料未能发育，即使在10年后，地块的自然退化率也很低。这些结果表明，对土壤进行改良或施用这些水平的土壤改良剂并不能保证土壤稳定性或生物结壳的恢复，而且有些地点在没有援助的情况下不太可能恢复。因此，有必要进行更多的研究，以提高土壤的稳定性，并确定限制生物结壳建立的因素。
In most drylands, biological soil crusts (biocrusts), an assemblage of lichens, bryophytes, fungi, green algae, and cyanobacteria, are critical to healthy ecosystem function. However, they are extremely sensitive to disturbance and attempts to facilitate their recovery have had variable success. In this study, we applied soil amendments designed to improve soil surface stability and accelerate biocrust recovery on an area disturbed by oil/gas exploration vehicles. Treatments included: (1) control (one time water only); (2) biocrust-only: biocrust inoculum + nutrients in water; (3) polyacrylamide gels (which are known to stabilize soils) + biocrust inoculum + nutrients in water; (4) gypsum + biocrust inoculum + nutrients in water; and (5) saline (NaCl) solution + biocrust inoculum + nutrients in water. Only the NaCl treatment showed any effects on soil properties and these were only short term. These effects included an increase in soil strength and a reduction in soil aggregate stability, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K-h), and cyanobacterial biomass. The inoculated biocrust material failed to develop and even after 10 years, there was only a very low natural recolonization of the plots. These results show that inoculating soils or applying these levels of soil amendments does not guarantee recovery of soil stability or biocrust, and that some sites are unlikely to recover without assistance. Thus, there is a need for more research into ways to enhance soil stability and identify the factors limiting biocrust establishment.