An investigation of the calcification response of the scleractinian coral Astrangia poculata to elevated pCO2 and the effects of nutrients, zooxanthellae and gender
An investigation of the calcification response of the scleractinian coral Astrangia poculata to elevated pCO2 and the effects of nutrients, zooxanthellae and gender
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DOI：
10.5194/bg-9-29-2012
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
McCorkle, D. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holcomb, M.;Cohen, A. L.;McCorkle, D. C.
在16℃和24℃两种不同温度下，研究了营养物质和pCO(2)对温带硬核珊瑚astangia poculata （Ellis and Solander, 1786）虫黄酸和无虫黄酸菌落的影响。根据浮力重量的变化估计，暴露于高pCO(2)的珊瑚往往具有较低的相对钙化率。实验营养物的富集没有显著的影响，也没有出现pCO(2)和营养物之间的任何相互作用。在16℃时，无论虫黄藻是否存在，升高的pCO(2)似乎对珊瑚钙化有类似的影响。然而，在24℃时，对产卵珊瑚的性别和pCO(2)之间的显著相互作用使结果的解释变得复杂。在16摄氏度时，没有观察到配子释放，也没有观察到钙化率的性别差异-雌性和雄性珊瑚在响应二氧化碳升高时显示出相似的钙化率降低（分别为15%和19%）。在24摄氏度下生长的珊瑚反复产卵，雄性和雌性珊瑚表现出两种不同的生长速度模式-在24摄氏度下生长并暴露于二氧化碳中的雌性珊瑚的钙化率比在环境二氧化碳下生长的雌性珊瑚低39%，而雄性珊瑚在二氧化碳升高的情况下则显示出5%的不显著下降。雌性对高pCO(2)的敏感性增加可能反映了相对于雄性（精子生产），雌性在生殖（卵子生产）上投入了更多的能量。这些结果表明，性别和产卵都是决定珊瑚对海洋酸化敏感性的重要因素，在未来的研究中考虑这些因素可能对预测海洋钙化生物的种群结构如何响应海洋酸化至关重要。
The effects of nutrients and pCO(2) on zooxanthellate and azooxanthellate colonies of the temperate scleractinian coral Astrangia poculata (Ellis and Solander, 1786) were investigated at two different temperatures (16 degrees C and 24 degrees C). Corals exposed to elevated pCO(2) tended to have lower relative calcification rates, as estimated from changes in buoyant weights. Experimental nutrient enrichments had no significant effect nor did there appear to be any interaction between pCO(2) and nutrients. Elevated pCO(2) appeared to have a similar effect on coral calcification whether zooxanthellae were present or absent at 16 degrees C. However, at 24 degrees C, the interpretation of the results is complicated by a significant interaction between gender and pCO(2) for spawning corals.At 16 degrees C, gamete release was not observed, and no gender differences in calcification rates were observed - female and male corals showed similar reductions in calcification rates in response to elevated CO2 (15% and 19% respectively). Corals grown at 24 degrees C spawned repeatedly and male and female corals exhibited two different growth rate patterns - female corals grown at 24 degrees C and exposed to CO2 had calcification rates 39% lower than females grown at ambient CO2, while males showed a non-significant decline of 5% under elevated CO2. The increased sensitivity of females to elevated pCO(2) may reflect a greater investment of energy in reproduction (egg production) relative to males (sperm production). These results suggest that both gender and spawning are important factors in determining the sensitivity of corals to ocean acidification, and considering these factors in future research may be critical to predicting how the population structures of marine calcifiers will change in response to ocean acidification.