Solar wind bulk velocity fluctuations acting as velocity space diffusion on comoving ions

Solar wind bulk velocity fluctuations acting as velocity space diffusion on comoving ions
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太阳风整体速度波动充当共动离子的速度空间扩散

DOI:
10.1051/0004-6361/201117503
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
6.5
通讯作者:
Siewert
Siewert
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chashei;Siewert

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从大多数在日球层外进行的现场等离子体观测中,很明显,在拾取离子的注入边界(101 keV)以上,发现了一个扩展的超热离子尾,在大多数情况下,它可以用幂律拟合,速度幂指数为(−6)≤γv≤(−4)。正如理论所表明的那样,这种高能离子尾不能用费米-2型速度扩散来解释,因为在日光层外,阿尔夫文湍流和磁声湍流都变得太弱。在这里,我们来一个新的解决方案,这个未解决的问题,通过研究太阳风的整体速度波动的作用,与风共同运动的离子。正如我们所展示的,这种波动的通过导致了每个离子的振荡和离子分布函数向超热尾的系统演化。从这个过程中我们可以得到的基本知识,我们可以计算离子相空间流的速度发散,从而可以导出一个速度扩散算子。正如我们在这里可以看到的,这个算子导致了一个与离子速度平方成正比的速度扩散系数,当在相空间输运方程中使用时,与对流变化、冷却过程和拾取离子注入项一起,有趣的是,可以找到超热幂律尾的解,其幂指数为γv −5,这是经常观察到的。
From most in-situ plasma observations made in the outer heliosphere it became evident that above the injection border of pick-up ions (≃1 keV), an extended suprathermal ion tail is found which in most cases can be fitted by a power law with velocity power indices of (−6) ≤γv≤ (−4). As has been shown by theory such energetic ion tails cannot be explained byFermi-2 type velocity diffusion, since in the outer heliosphere both Alfvenic and magnetoacoustic turbulences become too weak. Here we come to a new solution of this unsolved problem by studying the action of solar wind bulk velocity fluctuations on ions co-moving with the wind. As we show the passage of such fluctuations results in energization of each individual ion and systematic evolution of the ion distribution function towards suprathermal tails. From the basic knowledge that we can obtain on this process we can calculate the velocity divergence of the ion phasespace flow and thus can derive a velocity diffusion operator. As we can show here this operator leads to a velocity diffusion coefficient proportional to the square of the ion velocity and, when employed in the phasespace transport equation, together with terms for convective changes, cooling processes and pick-up ion injection, interestingly enough, permits to find solutions for suprathermal power law tails with power indices ofγv≃  −5 as very often observed.
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