Experimental evolution and the adjustment of metabolic strategies in lactic acid bacteria
Experimental evolution and the adjustment of metabolic strategies in lactic acid bacteria
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DOI：
10.1093/femsre/fux024
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Teusink, Bas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bachmann, Herwig;Molenaar, Douwe;Teusink, Bas
近年来，微生物的实验进化引起了人们的极大兴趣，这主要是因为通过下一代测序可以很容易地确定菌株的特征。虽然进化和系统生物学家使用实验进化来解决各自领域的基本问题，但对乳酸菌的研究往往更多地受到应用问题的指导。对种群和基因组动态的洞察对于实验设计和数据解释是有价值的，而且越来越明显的是，不同的限制条件如何限制和支配微生物适应选择性环境的结果。这种限制的例子是有限的膜和细胞空间，这可能导致细胞策略之间的权衡。一个强大的观点是资源分配，它允许细胞最大化适应能力。这会对具有不同蛋白质/资源需求的代谢策略产生影响。这篇综述集中在塑造细胞优化过程的参数和力，以及决定实验室进化实验结果的参数和力。实验进化的乳酸菌的表型变化将根据选择条件和普遍存在的限制进行讨论。
Experimental evolution of microbes has gained lots of interest in recent years, mainly due to the ease of strain characterisation through next-generation sequencing. While evolutionary and systems biologists use experimental evolution to address fundamental questions in their respective fields, studies with lactic acid bacteria are often more directed by applied questions. Insight into population and genome dynamics are valuable for experimental design and data interpretation, and it is becoming increasingly apparent how different constraints limit and govern the outcome of microbial adaptation to a selective environment. Examples for such constraints are the finite membrane and cellular space which can lead to trade-offs between cellular strategies. A powerful perspective is that of resource allocation, which allows cells to maximise fitness. This impacts on metabolic strategies that have different protein/resource demands. This review focuses on parameters and forces that shape cellular optimisation processes and that are determining for the outcome of laboratory evolution experiments. Phenotypic changes of experimentally evolved lactic acid bacteria will be discussed in the light of the selection conditions and the prevailing constraints.