Myelination: Do Astrocytes Play a Role?
Myelination: Do Astrocytes Play a Role?
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DOI：
10.1177/1073858412465655
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Linington, Christopher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barnett, Susan C.;Linington, Christopher
星形胶质细胞是成人中枢神经系统（CNS）中最丰富的细胞类型，其对损伤反应的功能多样性正在受到重视。长期以来，星形胶质细胞一直被认为是通过形成胶质瘢痕抑制CNS修复的主要参与者，但现在认为星形胶质细胞在CNS修复和髓鞘再生中发挥重要作用。对星形胶质细胞和髓鞘形成之间关系的兴趣最初集中在试图了解多发性硬化症中星形胶质细胞瘢痕组织斑块的发展如何与这些病变的髓鞘再生失败相关。现在认为这是对损伤的终末期病理反应，并且通常星形胶质细胞在支持CNS髓鞘的发育和维持中起重要作用。这篇综述将集中在如何利用这一新的理解来开发新的策略，以提高多发性硬化症和其他疾病的髓鞘再生。
Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the adult central nervous system (CNS), and their functional diversity in response to injury is now being appreciated. Astrocytes have long been considered the main player in the inhibition of CNS repair via the formation of the gliotic scar, but now it is accepted that astrocyte can play an important role in CNS repair and remyelination. Interest in the relationship between astrocytes and myelination focused initially on attempts to understand how the development of plaques of astroglial scar tissue in multiple sclerosis was related to the failure of these lesions to remyelinate. It is now considered that this is an end stage pathological response to injury, and that normally astrocytes play important roles in supporting the development and maintenance of CNS myelin. This review will focus on how this new understanding may be exploited to develop new strategies to enhance remyelination in multiple sclerosis and other diseases.