Assessing the diversity of smallholder rice farms production strategies in Sierra Leone
Assessing the diversity of smallholder rice farms production strategies in Sierra Leone
复制标题
评估塞拉利昂小农稻田生产战略的多样性
DOI：
10.1016/j.njas.2015.10.001
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Alain Capillon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Chenoune;H. Belhouchette;S. G. Paloma;Alain Capillon
在塞拉利昂，几个国际组织正在努力帮助政府提高其稻田的生产率。目前，塞拉利昂的稻米产量是西非最低的。然而，由于缺乏深入的研究来解释稻农在作出决定时如何考虑现有的社会经济、技术和自然生产因素，因此阻碍了旨在增加稻米产量的各种方案，从而阻碍了稻米自给自足的粮食生产。本篇文章的目的是评估塞拉利昂小农稻田的稻米生产业绩。为实现这一目标，对塞拉利昂北部邦巴利地区的180名稻农进行了农艺和社会经济调查。这项调查与具体的统计分析相结合，使人们能够根据各种判别参数(家庭规模和组成、休耕时间、播种密度、劳动力可获得性、生态系统、油棕榈油份额、从田地到农场的距离…)来评估稻田的生产策略。这一分析表明，表现最好的水稻小农农场是那些在两个生态系统下种植水稻和油棕榈树的农场。这些农场有更多的收入在产量低的年份购买水稻种子，或者如果他们有大家庭需要养活。然而，只有一个唯一生态系统的自给自足稻田很可能是不可持续的，它们将无法满足家庭未来的稻米需求。
In Sierra Leone, several international organizations are trying to help the government improve the productivity of its rice farms, which currently have the lowest rice yields in West Africa. However, the various programmes attempting to increase rice production, and consequently rice self-sufficient food production, are handicapped by an absence of thorough studies explaining the way rice farmers take the available socio-economic, technical and natural production factors into account when making their decisions. The purpose of the current article is to assess rice production performance on smallholder rice farms in Sierra Leone. To achieve this goal, an agronomic and socio-economic survey was carried out among 180 rice farmers in the district of Bombali in Northern Sierra Leone. The survey, combined with a specific statistical analysis, made it possible to assess production strategies for rice farms according to various discriminant parameters (family size and composition, fallow duration, seeding density, labour availability, ecosystems, share of oil palm, distance from field to farm…).This analysis revealed that the rice smallholder farms that perform best are those growing rice under two ecosystems together with oil palm. Those farms have more income to purchase rice seed in years when production is low or if they have large families to feed. However, subsistence rice farms with one exclusive ecosystem will probably not be sustainable and they will not be able to satisfy their households’ future rice needs.