Physicochemical models of effusive rhyolitic eruptions constrained with InSAR and DEM data: A case study of the 2011-2012 Cordón Caulle eruption
Physicochemical models of effusive rhyolitic eruptions constrained with InSAR and DEM data: A case study of the 2011-2012 Cordón Caulle eruption
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InSAR 和 DEM 数据约束的喷发流纹岩喷发的物理化学模型：2011-2012 年 Cordón Caulle 喷发的案例研究
DOI：
10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115736
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Pritchard, Matthew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Delgado, Francisco;Kubanek, Julia;Anderson, Kyle;Lundgren, Paul;Pritchard, Matthew
2011年至2012年历时9个月的Cordón Caulle火山喷发（南安第斯山脉，智利）是迄今为止仪器记录的最好的流纹岩喷发，也是第一次详细观察流纹岩流的流出。利用干涉合成孔径雷达（InSAR），结合时移数字高程模型（dem）和数值模型，研究了岩浆储层收缩与熔岩喷射耦合的动力学过程。InSAR记录到，在火山爆发的前三天，下沉了2.2-2.5米，这可以用一个深度约5公里、长约20公里、压力降为20-30兆帕的球状岩浆库来模拟。源头在西北-东南方向被拉长，它的大尺寸意味着一个大型管道系统在整个喷发过程中活跃，并跨越邻近的火山，在喷发阶段中途几何形状略有变化。TanDEM-X和pliades dem记录了喷发第三天后流纹岩熔岩流的挤压和喷口周围浅泥纹岩的侵入，其总量约为1.45 km3DRE。熔岩是在火山爆发的第一个月，即火山爆发和喷发的两个阶段形成的。储层压降和挤压体积时间序列都遵循准指数趋势，可以用储层压力下降、储层内部岩浆性质随时间和压力变化以及管道流动耦合的模型来解释。该模型预测了两个时间序列在喷发阶段的时间演化和振幅，以及岩浆的可压缩性为~ 10−10Pa−1，是亚普林尼期爆炸阶段岩浆可压缩性的一半。此外，我们估计，在熔岩喷发开始时，储层中含有1-3 wt.%的溶解H2O，在整个喷发阶段，储层中没有溶解的co2和H2O。这意味着岩浆在爆炸阶段后明显脱气。爆炸阶段后岩浆中剩余的挥发物可能造成了岩浆碎裂，这与在喷发减弱期间观察到的爆炸-喷吐混合型相一致。
The 9 month long 2011-2012 eruption of Cordón Caulle (Southern Andes, Chile) is the best instrumentally recorded rhyolitic eruption to date and the first time that the effusion of a rhyolitic flow has been observed in detail. We use Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), with time-lapse digital elevation models (DEMs) and numerical models to study the dynamics of coupled magma reservoir deflation and lava effusion. InSAR recorded 2.2-2.5 m of subsidence after the first three days of the eruption, which can be modeled using a spheroidal magma reservoir at a depth of ∼5 km, ∼20 km long, and with a pressure drop of 20-30 MPa. The source is elongated in the NW-SE direction and its large dimensions imply a large plumbing system active throughout the eruption and spanning neighboring volcanoes, with a slight change in the geometry halfway through the effusive phase. TanDEM-X and Pléiades DEMs record the extrusion of both the rhyolitic lava flow and the intrusion of a shallow laccolith around the eruptive vent after the third day of the eruption, with a total volume of ∼1.45 km3DRE. The laccolith was emplaced during the first month of the eruption, during both the explosive and effusive stages of the eruption. Both the reservoir pressure drop and the extruded volume time series follow quasi-exponential trends, and can be explained by a model that couples the reservoir pressure decrease, time- and pressure-dependent variations in the magma properties inside of the reservoir, and conduit flow. This model predicts both the temporal evolution and amplitude of both time series during the effusive phase, and a magma compressibility of ∼10−10Pa−1, half the reported compressibility of the magma of the sub-Plinian explosive phase. Further, we estimate that the reservoir contained 1-3 wt.% dissolved H2O at the onset of lava effusion, with no exsolved CO2and H2O in the reservoir throughout the effusive phase. This implies that the magma was significantly degassed after the explosive phase. The remaining volatiles in the magma after the explosive stage might have caused magma fragmentation, consistent with the hybrid explosive-effusive style observed during the waning of the eruption.
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DOI：
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