Emissions of Trace Organic Gases From Western U.S. Wildfires Based on WE‐CAN Aircraft Measurements
Emissions of Trace Organic Gases From Western U.S. Wildfires Based on WE‐CAN Aircraft Measurements
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基于 WE-CAN 飞机测量的美国西部野火痕量有机气体排放
DOI：
10.1029/2020jd033838
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhou, Yong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Permar, Wade;Wang, Qian;Selimovic, Vanessa;Wielgasz, Catherine;Yokelson, Robert J.;Hornbrook, Rebecca S.;Hills, Alan J.;Apel, Eric C.;Ku, I‐Ting;Zhou, Yong
我们介绍了2018年夏季在美国西部野火云化学实验、气溶胶吸收和氮（WE-CAN）现场活动期间，在NSF/NCAR C-130研究飞机上对美国西部野火进行的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）排放测量。使用C-130上的补充仪器测量VOC，包括质子转移反应飞行时间质谱仪（PTR-ToF-MS）和两种基于气相色谱（GC）的方法。对于大多数共同测量的VOC，观察到组合仪器不确定度（<60%）内的一致性。基于GC的测量对所选PTR-ToF-MS离子质量的异构贡献进行了形态分析，并且通常显示出很小的火与火之间的变化。我们报告了161种挥发性有机化合物的排放比（ER）和排放因子（EF），这些挥发性有机化合物是在下午燃烧条件通常最活跃时采样的24个特定火灾的31个近火烟羽截面中测量的。修正燃烧效率（MCE）范围为0.85至0.94。测量的活动平均总VOC EF为26.1 ± 6.9 g kg−1，其中约67%为含氧VOC。排放量最大的10种物质占总测量VOC质量的一半以上。我们发现，MCE单独解释了近70%的总测量VOC排放量（r2= 0.67）的观察到的方差和>50%的57个单独的VOC EF代表超过一半的有机碳质量。最后，我们发现火灾对火灾的变化不大的质量分数的贡献，个别物种的总测量的VOC排放量，这表明一个单一的形态配置文件可以描述的VOC排放量在针叶林生态系统中的野火在我们可以采样。
We present emission measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for western U.S. wildland fires made on the NSF/NCAR C‐130 research aircraft during the Western Wildfire Experiment for Cloud Chemistry, Aerosol Absorption, and Nitrogen (WE‐CAN) field campaign in summer 2018. VOCs were measured with complementary instruments onboard the C‐130, including a proton‐transfer‐reaction time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer (PTR‐ToF‐MS) and two gas chromatography (GC)‐based methods. Agreement within combined instrument uncertainties (<60%) was observed for most co‐measured VOCs. GC‐based measurements speciated the isomeric contributions to selected PTR‐ToF‐MS ion masses and generally showed little fire‐to‐fire variation. We report emission ratios (ERs) and emission factors (EFs) for 161 VOCs measured in 31 near‐fire smoke plume transects of 24 specific individual fires sampled in the afternoon when burning conditions are typically most active. Modified combustion efficiency (MCE) ranged from 0.85 to 0.94. The measured campaign‐average total VOC EF was 26.1 ± 6.9 g kg−1, approximately 67% of which is accounted for by oxygenated VOCs. The 10 most abundantly emitted species contributed more than half of the total measured VOC mass. We found that MCE alone explained nearly 70% of the observed variance for total measured VOC emissions (r2= 0.67) and >50% for 57 individual VOC EFs representing more than half the organic carbon mass. Finally, we found little fire‐to‐fire variability for the mass fraction contributions of individual species to the total measured VOC emissions, suggesting that a single speciation profile can describe VOC emissions for the wildfires in coniferous ecosystems sampled during WE‐CAN.
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DOI：
10.1029/2020jd033484
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
影响因子：
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作者：
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