Environmental factors affecting chytrid (Chytridiomycota) infection rates on Planktothrix agardhii
Environmental factors affecting chytrid (Chytridiomycota) infection rates on Planktothrix agardhii
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DOI：
10.1093/plankt/fbab058
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发表时间：
2021-08-31
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Bullerjahn, George S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McKindles, Katelyn M.;Manes, Makayla A.;Bullerjahn, George S.
从5月到9月，美国伊利湖桑达斯基湾的蓝藻水华生物量主要是由阿加尔氏浮游丝菌控制的。这种丝状蓝细菌已知的寄生虫包括壶菌真菌物种Rhizophydium sp. C 02，其先前从该区域分离。我们的工作的目的是建立寄生虫的相互作用如何影响浮游发藻种群动态在水华事件。使用定量PCR分析了2015年至2019年水华季节的样本，调查了壶菌感染的时空流行率。在实验室中检查的非生物因素包括操纵温度（17-31摄氏度），电导率（0.226-1.225 mS/cm）和湍流。浮游蓟马特有的壶菌在整个开花期都存在，偶尔会以足够高的密度对宿主施加寄生压力。实验室温度高于27.1摄氏度可以抑制壶菌感染，表明宿主可能存在上层热避难所。数据表明，如果给予足够的时间（7-12天），壶菌可以在实验室中以高于桑达斯基湾沃茨三倍的水平存活，而实验室中增加的湍流严重抑制壶菌感染，这可能是由于化学信号的破坏。总的来说，这些数据提供了深入了解的环境条件，抑制壶菌感染浮游蓟马为主的水华在温带沃茨。
Planktothrix agardhii dominates the cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom biomass in Sandusky Bay, Lake Erie (USA) from May until September. This filamentous cyanobacterium known parasites including the chytrid fungal species Rhizophydium sp. C02, which was previously isolated from this region. The purpose of our work has been to establish how parasitic interactions affect Planktothrix population dynamics during a bloom event. Samples analyzed from the 2015 to 2019 bloom seasons using quantitative PCR investigate the spatial and temporal prevalence of chytrid infections. Abiotic factors examined in lab include manipulating temperature (17-31 degrees C), conductivity (0.226-1.225 mS/cm) and turbulence. Planktothrix-specific chytrids are present throughout the bloom period and are occasionally at high enough densities to exert parasitic pressure on their hosts. Temperatures above 27.1 degrees C in lab can inhibit chytrid infection, indicating the presence of a possible upper thermal refuge for the host. Data suggest that chytrids can survive conductivity spikes in lab at levels three-fold above Sandusky Bay waters if given sufficient time (7-12 days), whereas increased turbulence in lab severely inhibits chytrid infections, perhaps due to disruption of chemical signaling. Overall, these data provide insights into the environmental conditions that inhibit chytrid infections during Planktothrix-dominated blooms in temperate waters.