Voltage-gated proton channels.

Voltage-gated proton channels.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00018-008-8056-8
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发表时间:
2008-08
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
DeCoursey, T. E.
DeCoursey, T. E.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
DeCoursey, T. E.

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电压门控质子通道的研究历史进行了叙述,从他们提出的存在于腰鞭毛虫的黑斯廷斯在1972年和他们的演示蜗牛神经元的托马斯和米奇在1982年,发现(经过十年的争议)的基因,明确编码质子通道在2006年。电压门控质子通道对质子具有完美的选择性,对氘的传导也是一半,并且电导具有强烈的温度依赖性。这些特性与涉及氢键链转移的传导机制一致,其中选择性过滤器是可滴定的氨基酸残基。通道开放由pH严格调节,使得正常情况下仅激活外向电流。质子通道的主要功能包括从细胞中排出酸和对吞噬细胞NADPH氧化酶的生电活性进行电荷补偿。遗传方法有望在不久的将来取得迅速进展。
The history of research on voltage-gated proton channels is recounted, from their proposed existence in dinoflagellates by Hastings in 1972 and their demonstration in snail neurons by Thomas and Meech in 1982, to the discovery (after a decade of controversy) of genes that unequivocally code for proton channels in 2006. Voltage-gated proton channels are perfectly selective for protons, conduct deuterons half as well, and the conductance is strongly temperature dependent. These properties are consistent with a conduction mechanism involving hydrogen-bonded-chain transfer, in which the selectivity filter is a titratable amino acid residue. Channel opening is regulated stringently by pH such that only outward current is normally activated. Main functions of proton channels include acid extrusion from cells and charge compensation for the electrogenic activity of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase. Genetic approaches hold the promise of rapid progress in the near future.
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