Waterworks-specific composition of drinking water disinfection by-products
Waterworks-specific composition of drinking water disinfection by-products
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DOI：
10.1039/c9ew00034h
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Bastviken, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andersson, Anna;Harir, Mourad;Bastviken, David
饮用水处理过程中，化学消毒剂与天然有机物（NOM）发生化学反应，生成具有潜在危害的消毒副产物（DBPs）。形成的DBP的多样性很高，很大一部分仍然未知。以往的研究表明，非挥发性消毒副产物很重要，因为消毒副产物的总毒性大部分与这一部分有关。为了进一步了解与此馏分相关的DBPs的组成和变化，非目标分析与高分辨率傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱（FT-ICR MS），检测DBPs在四个瑞典自来水厂使用不同类型的原水和治疗。在一整年内共采集了五次样本。在所有四个水厂形成的DBP的一个共同的组被检测到，这表明在所有原沃茨中的DBP前体可能与酚类部分类似的池。然而，所指定的氯化和溴化分子式中最大比例（64-92%）是独特的，即仅在四个自来水厂中的一个中发现。相比之下，在原沃茨和化学消毒前采集的样品中NOM的组成变化相当有限。这表明，自来水厂特定的DBPs大概起源于消毒点的基质效应，主要是由溴化水平，消毒剂（氯与氯胺）和不同的相对丰度的异构体之间的NOM组合物研究的差异解释。在毒理学相关的非挥发性馏分中观察到的DBP的大的变化表明，非针对性的监测策略可能是有价值的，以确保在未来的相关DBP监测。
Reactions between chemical disinfectants and natural organic matter (NOM) upon drinking water treatment result in formation of potentially harmful disinfection by-products (DBPs). The diversity of DBPs formed is high and a large portion remains unknown. Previous studies have shown that non-volatile DBPs are important, as much of the total toxicity from DBPs has been related to this fraction. To further understand the composition and variation of DBPs associated with this fraction, non-target analysis with ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) was employed to detect DBPs at four Swedish waterworks using different types of raw water and treatments. Samples were collected five times covering a full year. A common group of DBPs formed at all four waterworks was detected, suggesting a similar pool of DBP precursors in all raw waters that might be related to phenolic moieties. However, the largest proportion (64-92%) of the assigned chlorinated and brominated molecular formulae were unique, i.e. were solely found in one of the four waterworks. In contrast, the compositional variations of NOM in the raw waters and samples collected prior to chemical disinfection were rather limited. This indicated that waterworks-specific DBPs presumably originated from matrix effects at the point of disinfection, primarily explained by differences in bromide levels, disinfectants (chlorine versus chloramine) and different relative abundances of isomers among the NOM compositions studied. The large variation of observed DBPs in the toxicologically relevant non-volatile fraction indicates that non-targeted monitoring strategies might be valuable to ensure relevant DBP monitoring in the future.