Morphological Re-evaluation of the Basal Ganglia Network
Morphological Re-evaluation of the Basal Ganglia Network
复制标题
基底神经节网络的形态学重新评估
DOI：
10.11477/mf.1416200519
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fujiyama F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
深澤亮;平井剛;加藤麻理依;大沼可奈;越野広雪;袖岡幹子;平井剛;Fujiyama F
对猴子的电生理学研究表明，多巴胺能神经元对奖赏预测错误做出反应。此外，纹状体神经元通过多巴胺调节的突触可塑性改变其对皮质或丘脑输入的响应以响应多巴胺信号。这些发现导致了这样的假设，即纹状体在奖励预测错误的影响下表现出突触可塑性，并在整个基底神经节回路中进行强化学习。强化学习模型是有用的;然而，这种过程在基底神经节中出现的机制需要从解剖学上解释。演员评论家模型已被提出，并延长了存在的纹状体内的角色共享，特别是专注于纹状体和基质车厢。然而，这一假说一直难以证实形态学，部分原因是复杂的结构的纹状体和基质室。在这里，我们回顾了最近的形态学研究，阐明了输入/输出组织的纹状体车厢。
Electrophysiological studies in monkeys have shown that dopaminergic neurons respond to the reward prediction error. In addition, striatal neurons alter their responsiveness to cortical or thalamic inputs in response to dopamine signals, via dopamine-regulated synaptic plasticity. These findings have led to the hypothesis that the striatum exhibits synaptic plasticity under the influence of reward prediction error and conducts reinforcement learning throughout the basal ganglia circuits. The reinforcement learning model is useful; however, the mechanism by which such a process emerges in the basal ganglia needs to be anatomically explained. The actor-critic model has been previously proposed and extended by the existence of role sharing within the striatum, with particular focus on the striosome and matrix compartments. However, this hypothesis has been difficult to confirm morphologically, partly because of the complex structure of the striosome and matrix compartments. Here, we review recent morphological studies that elucidate the input/output organization of the striatal compartments.