Rate Effects on Timing, Key Velocity, and Finger Kinematics in Piano Performance
Rate Effects on Timing, Key Velocity, and Finger Kinematics in Piano Performance
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0020518
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发表时间：
2011-06-23
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Palmer, Caroline
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bella, Simone Dalla;Palmer, Caroline
我们考察了速度对钢琴演奏者目标定向动作中手指运动学的影响。此外，我们还评估了运动运动学是否可以作为个人认同感的指标。当钢琴家以不同的速度根据记忆演奏旋律时，他们的手指动作被用动作捕捉系统记录下来。钢琴演奏者在击键前手指的峰值高度随着节奏的增加而增加，并在按键前达到大约一个音调。这些速率效应不仅仅是因为增加相应击键的按键速度(与音调强度相关)的策略。更大的手指高度可能会通过更大的触觉反馈来补偿速度和准确性之间的权衡，这是以更快的节奏实现更大的时间变异性的趋势的基础。这将使钢琴家在快速演奏时保持高的时间准确性。此外，当钢琴家的手指接近琴键时，手指的速度和加速度非常独特，足以让钢琴家用神经网络分类器进行识别。受过更广泛的音乐训练的钢琴家的分类成功率更高。钢琴家的乐章“签名”可能反映了独特的目标导向的乐章运动学模式，导致了个人主义的声音。
We examined the effect of rate on finger kinematics in goal-directed actions of pianists. In addition, we evaluated whether movement kinematics can be treated as an indicator of personal identity. Pianists' finger movements were recorded with a motion capture system while they performed melodies from memory at different rates. Pianists' peak finger heights above the keys preceding keystrokes increased as tempo increased, and were attained about one tone before keypress. These rate effects were not simply due to a strategy to increase key velocity (associated with tone intensity) of the corresponding keystroke. Greater finger heights may compensate via greater tactile feedback for a speed-accuracy tradeoff that underlies the tendency toward larger temporal variability at faster tempi. This would allow pianists to maintain high temporal accuracy when playing at fast rates. In addition, finger velocity and accelerations as pianists' fingers approached keys were sufficiently unique to allow pianists' identification with a neural-network classifier. Classification success was higher in pianists with more extensive musical training. Pianists' movement "signatures'' may reflect unique goal-directed movement kinematic patterns, leading to individualistic sound.