Lens gap junctions in growth, differentiation, and homeostasis.
Lens gap junctions in growth, differentiation, and homeostasis.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1152/physrev.00034.2009
复制
发表时间：
2010-01
影响因子：
33.6
通讯作者：
Gong X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mathias RT;White TW;Gong X
大多数哺乳动物器官的细胞通过称为间隙连接的细胞间通道连接。间隙连接通道由连接蛋白（Cx）家族蛋白质组成。连接蛋白至少有20种亚型，大多数组织表达1种以上的亚型。透镜也不例外，因为它表达三种同种型：Cx43、Cx46和Cx50。所有间隙连接的共同作用，无论其Cx组成如何，都是为细胞之间的离子流提供导管，从而在细胞内电压和离子浓度方面产生合胞体组织。鉴于间隙连接的这种相当简单的作用，一个持续的问题是：为什么有这么多的Cx亚型，为什么组织表达一种以上的亚型？最近对透镜Cx敲除（KO）和敲入（KI）透镜的研究已经开始回答这些问题。要了解这些作用，首先必须了解透镜的生理要求。因此，我们首先回顾的发展和结构的透镜，其众多的运输系统，这些系统是如何整合产生的透镜循环，循环中的作用，透镜稳态，最后的作用，透镜连接蛋白的生长，发育和透镜循环。
The cells of most mammalian organs are connected by groups of cell-to-cell channels called gap junctions. Gap junction channels are made from the connexin (Cx) family of proteins. There are at least 20 isoforms of connexins, and most tissues express more than 1 isoform. The lens is no exception, as it expresses three isoforms: Cx43, Cx46, and Cx50. A common role for all gap junctions, regardless of their Cx composition, is to provide a conduit for ion flow between cells, thus creating a syncytial tissue with regard to intracellular voltage and ion concentrations. Given this rather simple role of gap junctions, a persistent question has been: Why are there so many Cx isoforms and why do tissues express more than one isoform? Recent studies of lens Cx knockout (KO) and knock in (KI) lenses have begun to answer these questions. To understand these roles, one must first understand the physiological requirements of the lens. We therefore first review the development and structure of the lens, its numerous transport systems, how these systems are integrated to generate the lens circulation, the roles of the circulation in lens homeostasis, and finally the roles of lens connexins in growth, development, and the lens circulation.