The biological significance of the unsaponifiable matter of oils: The absorption of higher alcohols.
The biological significance of the unsaponifiable matter of oils: The absorption of higher alcohols.
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油中不皂化物的生物学意义：高级醇的吸收。
DOI：
10.1042/bj0220391
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发表时间：
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通讯作者：
G. A. Collinson
中科院分区：
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作者：
H. J. Channon;G. A. Collinson
之前的一篇论文 [Channon, 1926] 报道称，当给大鼠服用不饱和烃角鲨烯时，烃类发生了部分吸收。同时，肝脏的不皂化物部分的量显着增加，并且可以证明该部分中存在角鲨烯。肝脏不皂化物含量的增加主要是由于胆固醇含量增加至正常值的两倍以上所致。肝脏胆固醇的显着升高表明角鲨烯或某些具有类似化学性质的物质可能是动物体内胆固醇的前体。另一方面，不皂化部分的量的增加并不完全由存在的角鲨烯的量和胆固醇的增加来解释。因此，甾醇的增加似乎可能是为了保持胆固醇与其他不皂化物质的量的比例尽可能恒定而存在的某种过程的结果。正是为了获得有关这些问题的进一步信息，开展了本文所述的工作。对多种肝油的不皂化部分中存在的甾醇含量的研究似乎可能有助于阐明甾醇含量与存在的其他不皂化物质的含量之间可能存在的关系的问题。选择鱼肝油用于此目的有多种原因。首先，许多这些油中存在高比例的不皂化物，对这些油的研究应该使这种关系更加明显。其次，虽然Tsujimoto和Toyama已经调查了日本水域大量鲨鱼中存在的碳氢化合物的含量，但同时仍希望获得有关角鲨烯分布的信息[Tsujimoto, 1916, 1918, 1920, 1; Toyama，1922，1923，1] 没有关于它在英国水域的普通鱼类中存在的观察结果。此外，通过对含角鲨烯油中甾醇含量的研究，可能会得到关于角鲨烯可能是动物体内胆固醇前体的证据。
IN a previous paper [Channon, 1926] it was reported that when the unsaturated hydrocarbon squalene was administered to rats, partial absorption of the hydrocarbon occurred. At the same time, there was a considerable increase in the amount of the unsaponifiable fraction of the liver, and the presence of squalene could be demonstrated in that fraction. The increase in the amount of the unsaponifiable matter of the liver was chiefly caused by a rise in the amount of cholesterol to more than twice its normal value. This marked rise in liver cholesterol suggested that squalene or some substance of similar chemical nature might be the precursor of cholesterol in the animal body. On the other hand, the increase in the amount of the unsaponifiable fraction was not entirely accounted for by the amount of squalene present and the increase in cholesterol. It thus appeared possible that the increase in sterol was the result of some process existing for the purpose of keeping the ratio of the amounts of cholesterol to that of the other unsaponifiable substances present as constant as possible. It was with a view to obtaining further information on these points that the work described in this paper was undertaken. It seemed probable that a study of the amount of sterol present in the unsaponifiable fractions of a number of liver oils might throw some light on the question of a possible relationship existing between the amounts of sterol and those of the other unsaponifiable substances present. Fish-liver oils were chosen for this purpose for a number of reasons. Firstly, there is present in a number of these oils a high percentage of unsaponifiable matter and the study of these should make any such relationship the more apparent. Secondly, it was desired at the same time to obtain information regarding the distribution of squalene, for although the amount of the hydrocarbon present in a large number of sharks of Japanese waters has been investigated by Tsujimoto and Toyama [Tsujimoto, 1916, 1918, 1920, 1; Toyama, 1922, 1923, 1] no observations as to its presence in the commoner fish of British waters are available. Further, evidence as to the possibility of squalene being the precursor of cholesterol in the animal body might be forthcoming as the result of a study of the amount of sterol in the squalene-containing oils.