An evolutionary biochemist's perspective on promiscuity.
An evolutionary biochemist's perspective on promiscuity.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tibs.2014.12.004
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发表时间：
2015-02
影响因子：
13.8
通讯作者：
Copley SD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Copley SD
进化生物化学家将酶的混杂性定义为催化与生理无关的次级反应的能力，要么是因为它们效率太低而无法影响适应性，要么是因为酶从未遇到底物。混杂的活动很常见，因为完全特定的活性位点的进化既困难又不必要。当蛋白质的性能“足够好”以至于不再影响健康时，自然选择就会停止。尽管混杂功能是偶然的且与生理无关，但它们非常重要，因为它们为自然界和实验室中新功能的进化提供了机会，也为广泛技术应用的治疗药物和工具提供了靶标。
Evolutionary biochemists define enzyme promiscuity as the ability to catalyze secondary reactions that are physiologically irrelevant, either because they are too inefficient to affect fitness or because the enzyme never encounters the substrate. Promiscuous activities are common because evolution of a perfectly specific active site is both difficult and unnecessary; natural selection ceases when the performance of a protein is “good enough” that it no longer affects fitness. Although promiscuous functions are accidental and physiologically irrelevant, they are of great importance because they provide opportunities for evolution of new functions in nature and in the laboratory, as well as targets for therapeutic drugs and tools for a wide range of technological applications.