Molecular Profiling: Catecholamine Modulation of Gene Expression in Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium
Molecular Profiling: Catecholamine Modulation of Gene Expression in Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-20215-0_7
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bearson, Bradley L.
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文献类型：
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作者：
Bearson, Bradley L.
对大肠杆菌O 157：H7和沙门氏菌鼠伤寒血清型的研究表明，这些细菌病原体可以通过调节基因表达和表现出各种表型来响应其环境中儿茶酚胺的存在，包括去甲肾上腺素和/或肾上腺素。例如，在暴露于E. coli和革兰氏阳性菌S.鼠伤寒杆菌转化为去甲肾上腺素可增强血清培养基中的细菌生长。宿主-病原体研究表明，哺乳动物宿主利用营养免疫隔离铁并防止细菌病原体在肠外生长。然而，沙门氏菌和某些E.大肠杆菌菌株具有设计用于破坏和逃避宿主的基因库。去甲肾上腺素促进细菌生长，部分原因是铁的可利用性增加，转录谱显示编码铁获取和转运蛋白的基因表达差异。E. coli和革兰氏阳性菌S.鼠伤寒在儿茶酚胺存在下也得到增强，并且已经描述了鞭毛基因表达的增加。此外，肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素是E.大肠杆菌O 157：H7。In S.鼠伤寒素、去甲肾上腺素能促进水平基因转移，增加质粒转移相关基因的表达。E.大肠杆菌O 157：H7转化去甲肾上腺素后，肠上皮细胞消失（LEE）位点的滋贺毒素基因和操纵子的表达增加。肠道细菌对体内儿茶酚胺暴露的转录反应的改变被预测会增强细菌定殖和病原体毒力。本章将对目前有关大肠杆菌转录反应的文献进行综述。coli和革兰氏阳性菌S.鼠伤寒杆菌转化为儿茶酚胺。
Investigations of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium have demonstrated that these bacterial pathogens can respond to the presence of catecholamines including norepinephrine and/or epinephrine in their environment by modulating gene expression and exhibiting various phenotypes. For example, one of the most intensively investigated phenotypes following exposure of E. coli and S. Typhimurium to norepinephrine is enhanced bacterial growth in a serum-based medium. Host-pathogen investigations have demonstrated that the mammalian host utilizes nutritional immunity to sequester iron and prevent extraintestinal growth by bacterial pathogens. However, Salmonella and certain E. coli strains have a genetic arsenal designed for subversion and subterfuge of the host. Norepinephrine enhances bacterial growth due, in part, to increased iron availability, and transcriptional profiling indicates differential expression of genes encoding iron acquisition and transport proteins. Bacterial motility of E. coli and S. Typhimurium is also enhanced in the presence of catecholamines and increased flagellar gene expression has been described. Furthermore, epinephrine and norepinephrine are chemoattractants for E. coli O157:H7. In S. Typhimurium, norepinephrine enhances horizontal gene transfer and increases expression of genes involved in plasmid transfer. Exposure of E. coli O157:H7 to norepinephrine increases expression of the genes encoding Shiga toxin and operons within the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE). Alterations in the transcriptional response of enteric bacteria to catecholamine exposure in vivo are predicted to enhance bacterial colonization and pathogen virulence. This chapter will review the current literature on the transcriptional response of E. coli and S. Typhimurium to catecholamines.