Plasma-free amino acid profiles are predictors of cancer and diabetes development.
Plasma-free amino acid profiles are predictors of cancer and diabetes development.
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DOI：
10.1038/nutd.2016.55
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发表时间：
2017-03-13
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Henry CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bi X;Henry CJ
2型糖尿病（T2 D）和癌症是全球发病率和死亡率的两个主要原因。如今，有令人信服的证据表明，T2 D与多种癌症（例如乳腺癌、结肠癌、肝癌和胰腺癌）的发病率或预后之间存在正相关。许多观察性研究表明，用于治疗高血糖症（或T2 D）的某些药物可能直接或间接影响癌细胞。直接T2 D癌症联系的潜在机制被假设为高胰岛素血症、高血糖症和慢性炎症;然而，导致T2 D和癌症的代谢途径仍然难以捉摸。血浆游离氨基酸（PFAA）谱与不同种族群体和肥胖程度的个体发生T2 D和癌症的风险之间的关系已经得到了强调。PFAAs的改变可能主要是由于胰岛素抵抗引起的代谢改变。潜在的机制尚未完全阐明，特别是氨基酸是否以因果方式促进这些疾病的发展。本文综述了PFAA改变与T2 D和癌症之间的分子和临床关联，并解释了可能的机制。揭示这些相互作用和机制可能会提高我们对糖尿病和癌症复杂发病机制的理解，并改善其治疗策略。
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cancers are two major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Nowadays, there is convincing evidence of positive associations between T2D and the incidence or prognosis of a wide spectrum of cancers, for example, breast, colon, liver and pancreas. Many observational studies suggest that certain medications used to treat hyperglycemia (or T2D) may affect cancer cells directly or indirectly. The potential mechanisms of the direct T2D cancer links have been hypothesized to be hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and chronic inflammation; however, the metabolic pathways that lead to T2D and cancers still remain elusive. Plasma-free amino acid (PFAA) profiles have been highlighted in their associations with the risks of developing T2D and cancers in individuals with different ethnic groups and degree of obesity. The alterations of PFAAs might be predominately caused by the metabolic shift resulted from insulin resistance. The underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, in particular whether the amino acids are contributing to these diseases development in a causal manner. This review addresses the molecular and clinical associations between PFAA alterations and both T2D and cancers, and interprets possible mechanisms involved. Revealing these interactions and mechanisms may improve our understanding of the complex pathogenesis of diabetes and cancers and improve their treatment strategies.