Cache protection strategies by western scrub-jays, Aphelocoma californica:: implications for social cognition
Cache protection strategies by western scrub-jays, Aphelocoma californica:: implications for social cognition
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2005.02.009
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Clayton, NS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dally, JM;Emery, NJ;Clayton, NS
食物贮藏的西丛鸦自己会贮藏食物，并利用观察性空间记忆窃取其他同类的贮藏物。我们这项研究的目的是探究西丛鸦用于减少同类窃取其贮藏物的策略。在三个实验中，允许西丛鸦在两个不同地点贮藏蜡虫。在实验1中，当有另一只西丛鸦观看时，这些鸟更喜欢将物品藏在较远的地点，但当观察者的视线被屏风遮挡时，它们在远近地点藏物的频率相同。由于同类依靠观察性空间记忆来窃取其他西丛鸦的贮藏物，这种利用距离的方式可能会减少潜在窃贼可获得的视觉信息，从而降低窃取的准确性。然而，在可能的情况下，将贮藏物放在看不见的地方可能更有效。在实验2中，贮藏者主要在较远且看不见的地点贮藏。然而，放在观察者视线内的物品会被多次移动，这可能会使观察者对其位置感到困惑。在实验3中，当看得见和看不见的地点与观察者距离相等时，被观察时贮藏者主要在看不见的地点贮藏，但不被观察时在两个地点贮藏的频率相同。在所有三个实验中，一些物品被贮藏在非首选地点（近且看得见）。在回收阶段，当贮藏者不被观察时，这些物品会被有选择地重新贮藏在观察者不知道的新地点。不把所有贮藏物藏在一个地方可能是有利的，因为不可预测性可能是防止被窃取的最佳保障。（c）2005动物行为研究协会，由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Food-caching western scrub-jays cache items themselves, and use observational spatial memory to steal the caches of others. Our aim in this study was to investigate the strategies used by scrub-jays to reduce cache theft by conspecifics. In three experiments, scrub-jays were allowed to cache wax worms in two different locations. In experiment 1, the birds preferred to hide items in distant sites when watched by another jay, but used near and distant sites equally when the observer's view was obscured by a screen. As conspecifics rely on observational spatial memory to steal other jays' caches, this use of distance might reduce the visual information available to the potential thief and thus decrease pilfering accuracy. Where possible, however, placing caches out of sight may be more effective. In experiment 2, storers cached predominantly in distant, out-of-view, sites. However, items placed in view of the observer were moved multiple times, possibly confusing the observer as to their location. In experiment 3, when in-view and out-of-view sites were equidistant to the observer, storers cached mainly in out-of-view sites when observed, but cached equally in both sites when not observed. In all three experiments, some items were cached in nonpreferred sites (near, in view). During recovery sessions, when the storer was not observed, these items were selectively recached in new sites unbeknown to the observer. It may be advantageous not to hide all the caches in one place, because unpredictability might provide the best insurance against pilfering. (c) 2005 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.