Cross-modal integration and plastic changes revealed by lip movement, random-dot motion and sign languages in the hearing and deaf
Cross-modal integration and plastic changes revealed by lip movement, random-dot motion and sign languages in the hearing and deaf
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhh210
复制
发表时间：
2005-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Yonekura, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sadato, N;Okada, T;Yonekura, Y
手语激活失聪受试者的听觉皮质，这是跨通道可塑性的证据。唇读(视觉语音学)涉及视听整合，它激活听力受试者的听觉皮质。为了检验在涉及跨通道整合的区域内是否存在视听跨通道可塑性，我们使用功能磁共振对7名语前聋人手语者、10名听力非手语者和9名听力手语者进行了研究。视觉呈现任务包括嘴部动作匹配、随机点动作匹配和手势相关动作匹配。口部运动任务包括有或没有视觉语音的条件，这两种条件之间的差异被用来衡量嘴唇阅读的效果。在口动匹配任务中，失聪受试者较听力受试者表现出更显著的左侧颞叶平面激活。在点运动匹配过程中，聋人的右侧PT表现出更大的激活。与手势相关的运动，无论有没有词汇成分，聋人手语者比听力手语者更能激活左侧PT。这些区域在听力受试者中显示出唇读效应。这些发现表明，跨通道可塑性是由听觉剥夺引起的，这种可塑性与词汇加工或视觉语音无关，并且这种可塑性部分是由视听跨通道整合的神经底物所介导的。
Sign language activates the auditory cortex of deaf subjects, which is evidence of cross-modal plasticity. Lip-reading (visual phonetics), which involves audio-visual integration, activates the auditory cortex of hearing subjects. To test whether audio-visual cross-modal plasticity occurs within areas involved in cross-modal integration, we used functional MRI to study seven prelingual deaf signers, 10 hearing non-signers and nine hearing signers. The visually presented tasks included mouth-movement matching, random-dot motion matching and sign-related motion matching. The mouth-movement tasks included conditions with or without visual phonetics, and the difference between these was used to measure the lip-reading effects. During the mouth-movement matching tasks, the deaf subjects showed more prominent activation of the left planum temporale (PT) than the hearing subjects. During dot-motion matching, the deaf showed greater activation in the right PT. Sign-related motion, with or without a lexical component, activated the left PT in the deaf signers more than in the hearing signers. These areas showed lip-reading effects in hearing subjects. These findings suggest that cross-modal plasticity is induced by auditory deprivation independent of the lexical processes or visual phonetics, and this plasticity is mediated in part by the neural substrates of audio-visual cross-modal integration.