Crumples as a Generic Stress-Focusing Instability in Confined Sheets
Crumples as a Generic Stress-Focusing Instability in Confined Sheets
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevx.10.021008
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发表时间：
2020-02
影响因子：
12.5
通讯作者：
Yousra Timounay;R. De;Jessica L. Stelzel;Zachariah S. Schrecengost;Monica M. Ripp;Joseph D. Paulsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yousra Timounay;R. De;Jessica L. Stelzel;Zachariah S. Schrecengost;Monica M. Ripp;Joseph D. Paulsen
薄的弹性固体很容易变形成无数的三维形状，这些形状可能包含尖锐的局部结构，如皱巴巴的糖果包装纸，或者具有光滑和扩散的特征，如花朵的起伏边缘。预测和控制这些形态对于涉及纺织品、合成皮肤和充气结构的各种应用至关重要。在这里，我们表明，之前在特定环境中观察到的“起皱到起皱”过渡是受限板材的普遍反应。这个统一的图片是证明了一套模型实验的聚合物薄膜局限于液体界面与球形，双曲线，圆柱形的几何形状，这是补充实验的宏观膜充气。我们使用测量在这个广泛的几何形状，边界条件，和lengthscales来量化几个强大的形态特征的皱皱巴巴的阶段，我们建立了一个经验性的相图皱皱巴巴的形成，解开的曲率和压缩的竞争效应。我们的研究结果表明，褶皱是一个通用的微观结构，出现在大曲率，由于弹性和基板能量的竞争。
Thin elastic solids are easily deformed into a myriad of three-dimensional shapes, which may contain sharp localized structures as in a crumpled candy wrapper, or have smooth and diffuse features like the undulating edge of a flower. Anticipating and controlling these morphologies is crucial to a variety of applications involving textiles, synthetic skins, and inflatable structures. Here we show that a "wrinkle-to-crumple" transition, previously observed in specific settings, is a ubiquitous response for confined sheets. This unified picture is borne out of a suite of model experiments on polymer films confined to liquid interfaces with spherical, hyperbolic, and cylindrical geometries, which are complemented by experiments on macroscopic membranes inflated with gas. We use measurements across this wide range of geometries, boundary conditions, and lengthscales to quantify several robust morphological features of the crumpled phase, and we build an empirical phase diagram for crumple formation that disentangles the competing effects of curvature and compression. Our results suggest that crumples are a generic microstructure that emerge at large curvatures due to a competition of elastic and substrate energies.