Delay-Sensitive Opportunistic Routing for Underwater Sensor Networks
Delay-Sensitive Opportunistic Routing for Underwater Sensor Networks
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DOI：
10.1109/jsen.2015.2461652
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Chou, Cheng-Fu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hsu, Chih-Cheng;Liu, Hsiang-Hung;Chou, Cheng-Fu
声学传输是水下传感器网络（UWSNs）所固有的，在能量消耗、传播延迟长和可用带宽方面存在挑战。这些UWSN的挑战使得直接适应已经在露天网络中被证明是可靠的想法变得困难。端到端延迟是延迟敏感型UWSN应用的关键因素之一。在本文中，我们应用基于机会的路由（OR）的思想来最大化goodput，同时满足延迟敏感型UWSN应用的端到端延迟要求。在此过程中，我们引入了一个名为EEL| success（Fi）的新度量，它是当至少一个Fi转发器成功接收数据包时，从节点i到目的地的预期端到端延迟；然后，我们将该UWSN OR路由问题表述为非线性优化模型。为了有效地解决这一问题，我们提出了一种两步启发式算法，该算法由每节点转发集确定和分组转发优先级确定组成。性能研究结果表明，我们的方案在网络效益和能源成本方面优于其他现有的工作。
Acoustic transmission, inherent to aquatic environments and used in underwater sensor networks (UWSNs), presents its own challenges in terms of energy consumption, long propagation delay, and available bandwidth. These UWSN challenges make it difficult to directly adapt ideas which have already been proven reliable in open-air networks. End-to-end latency is one of the key elements for delay-sensitive UWSN applications. In this paper, we apply the idea of opportunistic-based routing (OR) for maximizing goodput while meeting end-to-end latency requirements for delay-sensitive UWSN applications. In doing so, we introduce a new metric called EEL| success(Fi), which is the expected end-to-end latency from node i to the destination when at least one forwarder of Fi successfully receives a packet; we then formulate this UWSN OR routing problem as a nonlinear optimization model. To effectively solve this problem, we propose a two-step heuristic algorithm, which is composed of per-node forwarding set determination and packet forwarding prioritization. The results of a performance study show that our scheme outperforms other existing works in terms of network goodput and energy costs.