Rhythmic boost and recursive minor phrase in Japanese
Rhythmic boost and recursive minor phrase in Japanese
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日语中的节奏提升和递归小短语
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
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通讯作者：
S. Kawahara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Takahito Shinya;E. Selkirk;S. Kawahara
Kubozono[1]发现，在语法-短语-内部均匀左分支（LB）结构的四个重音词序列中，第三个单词的f0峰值实现在与前一个单词相同或更高的高度，没有明显的catathesis（或downstep）。他提出了一种被称为节奏提升的提升效应，这是将这种四词句法结构组织成（递归的）两个韵律小调短语（MiP，又名重音短语）的结果，这些小调短语每个分支成两个MiP。在本文中，我们报告了两个实验。实验1通过实验证明了节律性增强效应，为Kubozono关于这些序列增强的说法提供了确凿的证据。我们发现，在由四个重音单词组成的LB序列中，第三个单词的上升幅度明显高于3个单词短语-内部LB序列中第三个单词的上升幅度，而且我们还发现，这种上升幅度也明显低于第三个单词启动句法最大投射（XP）的上升幅度，因此，第三个单词将处于韵律主短语（MaP， aka中间短语）的边缘。实验2研究了MiP长度对2010年报告的提升的可能影响，看看这种提升是否可以从Selkirk等人发现的基于预期长度的提升（ALR）效应中获得。我们发现ALR效应不能解释4个名词序列中第三个名词的上升幅度，并得出结论，在0中确实存在分支敏感节奏提升的地方。
Kubozono [1] found that in sequences of four accented words in a syntactic-phrase-internal uniformly left-branching (LB) structure, the f0 peak of the third word is realized at the same height as or higher than the preceding word, showing no apparent catathesis (or downstep). He argues for an f0 raising effect, called rhythmic boost, that is the consequence of the organization of this 4-word syntactic structure into (recursive) two prosodic minor phrases (MiP, aka accentual phrase) that branch into two MiPs each. In this paper we report on two experiments. Experiment 1 demonstrates the rhythmic boost effect experimentally, giving solid evidence for Kubozono’s claim about boost in these sequences. We find that the rise at the third word in LB sequences of four accented words is significantly higher than at the third accented word of 3-word phrase-internal LB sequences, and we find too that this rise is also significantly lower than the one found with a third word that initiates a syntactic maximal projection (XP) and would therefore be at the edge of prosodic major phrase (MaP, aka intermediate phrase). Experiment 2 investigates a possible influence of length of MiP on the reported boost in f0, to see if that boost could be derived from the anticipatory length-based f0 raising (ALR) effect found by Selkirk et al. [7]. We find that that ALR effect cannot explain the magnitude of the rise at the third noun in the 4-noun sequences, and conclude that there is indeed a place for a branching-sensitive rhythmic boost in f0.