Real-time observations of lithium battery reactions-operando neutron diffraction analysis during practical operation.
Real-time observations of lithium battery reactions-operando neutron diffraction analysis during practical operation.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep28843
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发表时间：
2016-06-30
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Kanno R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taminato S;Yonemura M;Shiotani S;Kamiyama T;Torii S;Nagao M;Ishikawa Y;Mori K;Fukunaga T;Onodera Y;Naka T;Morishima M;Ukyo Y;Adipranoto DS;Arai H;Uchimoto Y;Ogumi Z;Suzuki K;Hirayama M;Kanno R
在用于电动车辆和固定用途的能量存储设备中，锂电池通常提供高性能。然而，大型电池的工程开发与每个电池组件的基础科学之间仍然存在缺失。阐明实际操作下的反应机理对于未来的电池技术至关重要。在这里，我们报告了一个操作衍射技术，使用高强度中子来检测在商业18650细胞的高电流操作驱动的非平衡态的反应。实验系统包括一个飞行时间衍射仪与自动Rietveld分析的开发，收集和分析衍射数据产生的顺序充电和放电过程。此外，在高电流消耗下的观察揭示了不均匀的反应，放电后的结构弛豫，以及锂浓度范围随电极基质中的循环而变化。该技术为先进电池的开发提供了有价值的信息。
Among the energy storage devices for applications in electric vehicles and stationary uses, lithium batteries typically deliver high performance. However, there is still a missing link between the engineering developments for large-scale batteries and the fundamental science of each battery component. Elucidating reaction mechanisms under practical operation is crucial for future battery technology. Here, we report an operando diffraction technique that uses high-intensity neutrons to detect reactions in non-equilibrium states driven by high-current operation in commercial 18650 cells. The experimental system comprising a time-of-flight diffractometer with automated Rietveld analysis was developed to collect and analyse diffraction data produced by sequential charge and discharge processes. Furthermore, observations under high current drain revealed inhomogeneous reactions, a structural relaxation after discharge, and a shift in the lithium concentration ranges with cycling in the electrode matrix. The technique provides valuable information required for the development of advanced batteries.