Spindle rotation in human cells is reliant on a MARK2-mediated equatorial spindle-centering mechanism.

Spindle rotation in human cells is reliant on a MARK2-mediated equatorial spindle-centering mechanism.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.201804166
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发表时间:
2018-09-03
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Draviam VM
Draviam VM
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zulkipli I;Clark J;Hart M;Shrestha RL;Gul P;Dang D;Kasichiwin T;Kujawiak I;Sastry N;Draviam VM

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与通过轴居中和旋转的人造轮不同,人体细胞的有丝分裂纺锤体是通过外部皮质牵引机制旋转的。祖尔基普利等人。确定 MARK2 在赤道纺锤体定心和星体微管长度中的作用,进而控制纺锤体旋转。细胞分裂的平面由有丝分裂纺锤体的最终位置定义。主轴被皮质动力蛋白拉动并旋转到正确的位置。然而,目前尚不清楚纺锤体的旋转中心是如何维持的,以及纺锤体赤道偏离中心对人体细胞有何影响。我们分析了数百个暴露于蛋白质消耗或药物治疗的细胞的纺锤体运动,并发现了 MARK2 在维持纺锤体位于细胞几何中心方面的新作用。 MARK2 耗尽后,纺锤体沿着细胞皮层滑动,导致无法识别正确的分裂平面。令人惊讶的是,MARK2 耗尽的细胞中纺锤体偏离中心并不是由动力蛋白的过度拉力引起的。我们发现,MARK2 调节有丝分裂微管的生长和长度,并且共同去除有丝分裂着丝粒相关蛋白(MCAK)(一种微管去稳定剂)可以在 MARK2 耗尽的细胞中挽救纺锤体偏离中心。因此,我们首次深入了解纺锤体正确旋转所需的纺锤体定心机制,进而了解人类细胞中正确的分裂平面。
Unlike man-made wheels that are centered and rotated via an axle, the mitotic spindle of a human cell is rotated by external cortical pulling mechanisms. Zulkipli et al. identify MARK2’s role in equatorial spindle centering and astral microtubule length, which in turn control spindle rotation. The plane of cell division is defined by the final position of the mitotic spindle. The spindle is pulled and rotated to the correct position by cortical dynein. However, it is unclear how the spindle’s rotational center is maintained and what the consequences of an equatorially off centered spindle are in human cells. We analyzed spindle movements in 100s of cells exposed to protein depletions or drug treatments and uncovered a novel role for MARK2 in maintaining the spindle at the cell’s geometric center. Following MARK2 depletion, spindles glide along the cell cortex, leading to a failure in identifying the correct division plane. Surprisingly, spindle off centering in MARK2-depleted cells is not caused by excessive pull by dynein. We show that MARK2 modulates mitotic microtubule growth and length and that codepleting mitotic centromere-associated protein (MCAK), a microtubule destabilizer, rescues spindle off centering in MARK2-depleted cells. Thus, we provide the first insight into a spindle-centering mechanism needed for proper spindle rotation and, in turn, the correct division plane in human cells.
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影响因子: --
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