Biophoton imaging:: A nondestructive method for assaying R gene responses
Biophoton imaging:: A nondestructive method for assaying R gene responses
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DOI：
10.1094/mpmi-18-0095
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发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Grant, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bennett, M;Mehta, M;Grant, M
富含亮氨酸的核苷酸结合重复序列类植物抗病蛋白（R）负责病原体识别和防御信号网络的激活，从而导致过敏反应（HR）。从遗传学上讲，R蛋白信号似乎是通过一组有限的共同下游组件整合的。然而，可见HR的发展时间对于单个R蛋白是独特的。利用超弱光子发射的现象，从叶片进行不相容的相互作用，一个强大的非破坏性和简便的测定，比较不同的R蛋白引起的防御反应的时间。我们证明，超弱光子发射，或“生物光子产生”，被证明与超敏细胞死亡。生物光子发射需要一个完整的R信号网络和增加胞质钙和一氧化氮，但升高的活性氧是不必要的。重要的是，该测定法是稳健的，适用于各种植物物种中的一系列不相容相互作用。在真实的时间和选定的遗传背景下非破坏性地测定R反应的能力使得该技术适合于植物防御反应的精细遗传解剖。
Plant disease resistance (R) proteins of the nucleotide binding-leucine rich repeat class are responsible for pathogen recognition and activation of defense signaling networks leading to the hypersensitive response (HR). Genetically, R-protein signaling appears to be integrated through a limited set of common downstream components. However, the timing of development of visible HR is unique to individual R proteins. By utilizing the phenomena of ulltraweak photon emission from leaves undergoing an incompatible interacttion, a powerful nondestructive and facile assay is described to compare timing of defense responses elicited by different R proteins. We demonstrate that ultraweak photon emission, or "biophoton generation," is demonstrated to be associated with hypersensitive cell death. Biophoton emission requires an intact R signaling network and increases in cytosolic calcium and nitric oxide, but elevated reactive oxygen species are not necessary. Importantly, the assay is robust and applicable to a range of incompatible interactions in various plant species. The ability to assay R responses nondestructively in real time and a chosen genetic background makes this technique amenable to subtle genetic dissection of plant defense responses.