Receptor Induced Doping of Conjugated Polymer Transistors: A Strategy for Selective and Ultrasensitive Phosphate Detection in Complex Aqueous Environments
Receptor Induced Doping of Conjugated Polymer Transistors: A Strategy for Selective and Ultrasensitive Phosphate Detection in Complex Aqueous Environments
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DOI：
10.1002/aelm.202101353
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Anthony R. Benasco;J. Tropp;Vikash Kaphle;Yusheng Chen;Wei Zhao;N. Eedugurala;T. Ng;A. Flood;J. Azoulay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anthony R. Benasco;J. Tropp;Vikash Kaphle;Yusheng Chen;Wei Zhao;N. Eedugurala;T. Ng;A. Flood;J. Azoulay
磷酸盐含氧阴离子在生物、农业、工业和生态过程中发挥着重要作用。它们的高水合能和动态特性提出了许多关键挑战，限制了传感技术的发展，这些技术具有成本效益、选择性、灵敏性、现场可部署性，并且在复杂的水性环境中真实的实时操作。在这里，展示了一种能够制造电解质门控有机场效应晶体管（EGOFET）的策略，该策略克服了这些挑战，并能够在具有挑战性的水性环境（如海水）中进行灵敏的磷酸盐定量。该器件通道包括复合层，该复合层包含基于二酮基吡咯并吡咯的半导体聚合物和能够识别氧阴离子的π-共轭五叔丁基五氰基五苯并[25]轮烯“氰基星”受体，并且体现了一种新的概念，其中受体通过掺杂协同增强稳定性和传输特性。在将器械暴露于磷酸盐后，观察到电流降低，与分析物结合后的去掺杂一致。传感研究表明，超灵敏和选择性的磷酸盐检测在缓冲样品中的检测限非常低，为178 × 10−12 m（万亿分之17.3），在海水中稳定运行。这种基于受体的掺杂策略，结合EGOFFERT的小型化和单片集成的多功能性，为诊断，医疗保健和环境监测提供了多种机会。
Phosphate oxyanions play central roles in biological, agricultural, industrial, and ecological processes. Their high hydration energies and dynamic properties present a number of critical challenges limiting the development of sensing technologies that are cost‐effective, selective, sensitive, field‐deployable, and which operate in real‐time within complex aqueous environments. Here, a strategy that enables the fabrication of an electrolyte‐gated organic field‐effect transistor (EGOFET) is demonstrated, which overcomes these challenges and enables sensitive phosphate quantification in challenging aqueous environments such as seawater. The device channel comprises a composite layer incorporating a diketopyrrolopyrrole‐based semiconducting polymer and a π‐conjugated penta‐t‐butylpentacyanopentabenzo[25]annulene “cyanostar” receptor capable of oxyanion recognition and embodies a new concept, where the receptor synergistically enhances the stability and transport characteristics via doping. Upon exposure of the device to phosphate, a current reduction is observed, consistent with dedoping upon analyte binding. Sensing studies demonstrate ultrasensitive and selective phosphate detection within remarkably low limits of detection of 178 × 10−12 m (17.3 parts per trillion) in buffered samples and stable operation in seawater. This receptor‐based doping strategy, in conjunction with the versatility of EGOFETs for miniaturization and monolithic integration, enables manifold opportunities in diagnostics, healthcare, and environmental monitoring.