Real-Time Mobile Monitoring of Drinking Episodes in Young Adult Heavy Drinkers: Development and Comparative Survey Study
Real-Time Mobile Monitoring of Drinking Episodes in Young Adult Heavy Drinkers: Development and Comparative Survey Study
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DOI：
10.2196/13765
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发表时间：
2019-11-20
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
King, Andrea C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fridberg, Daniel J.;Faria, James;King, Andrea C.
背景：酗酒是指男性在2小时内饮用5种或更多标准酒精饮料(女性4种)，在年轻人中很常见，与酒精相关的发病率和死亡率显著相关。到目前为止，对年轻人这个问题的大多数研究都依赖于回溯性问卷或昂贵的基于实验室的程序。基于智能手机的生态瞬时评估(EMA)可以通过允许研究人员实时测量饮酒者的自然环境中的酒精使用及其相关后果来解决这些限制。目的：本研究旨在评估基于智能手机的EMA方法的可行性、可接受性和安全性，该方法针对在现实世界饮酒场合大量饮酒的年轻人。方法：在智能手机组(N=83；平均25.4(SD 2.6)岁；58%(48/83)男性；在过去的一个月里，23.2%(6.5/28)天的酗酒者完成了酒精使用和饮酒相关后果的基线测量，随后是最多两次基于智能手机的EMA会议，研究他们在自然环境中的典型饮酒行为和相关结果。他们还完成了下一次和两周的跟踪调查，分别在EMA会议期间和参与研究后两周进一步评估酒精使用和相关后果。一个单独的人口统计学和饮酒匹配的安全对照组(N=25)完成了基线和两周的跟踪调查，但没有完成真实世界饮酒行为的EMA。结果：在智能手机组中，大多数参与者(71%，59/83)在至少一次EMA会议期间狂饮，消费7.3(SD 3.0)标准酒精饮料。他们在真实的饮酒事件中完成了87.2%(507/581)的系统启动的EMA提示，支持了这一方法的可行性。该程序是可以接受的，从参与者对EMA软件和研究程序的总体满意度高分和对移动调查的侵入性低分就可以证明这一点。关于安全性，参与者在真实饮酒事件期间或之后几乎没有认可与饮酒相关的后果，没有报告任何不良或严重的不良事件。从基线到两周的随访，两组之间在饮酒行为或后果方面的变化没有差异。结论：本研究为基于智能手机的EMA实时饮酒及相关结果的可行性、可接受性和安全性提供了初步支持。研究结果表明，即使在重度饮酒期间，年轻人也可以使用智能手机安全地监控饮酒情况。基于智能手机的EMA为研究人员提供了一种高效且廉价的方式来捕获真实世界饮酒行为和后果的大量数据，因此具有为未来酒精使用障碍的流行病学和干预研究提供信息的强大潜力。
Background: Binge drinking, defined as consuming five or more standard alcoholic drinks for men (four for women) within a 2-hour period, is common among young adults and is associated with significant alcohol-related morbidity and mortality. To date, most research on this problem in young adults has relied upon retrospective questionnaires or costly laboratory-based procedures. Smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) may address these limitations by allowing researchers to measure alcohol use and related consequences in real time and in drinkers' natural environments. To date, however, relatively less research has systematically examined the utility of this approach in a sample of young adults targeting real-world heavy drinking episodes specifically.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of a smartphone-based EMA method targeting binge drinking and related outcomes in heavy drinking young adults during real-world drinking occasions.Methods: Young adult binge drinkers in the smartphone group (N=83; mean 25.4 (SD 2.6) years; 58% (48/83) male; bingeing on 23.2% (6.5/28) days in the past month) completed baseline measures of alcohol use and drinking-related consequences, followed by up to two smartphone-based EMA sessions of typical drinking behavior and related outcomes in their natural environments. They also completed next-thy and two-week follow-up surveys further assessing alcohol use and related consequences during the EMA sessions and two weeks after study participation, respectively. A separate demographic- and drinking-matched safety comparison group (N=25) completed the baseline and two-week follow-up surveys but did not complete EMA of real-world drinking behavior.Results: Most participants (71%, 59/83) in the smartphone group engaged in binge drinking during at least one 3-hour EMA session, consuming 7.3 (SD 3.0) standard alcoholic drinks. They completed 87.2% (507/581) system-initiated EMA prompts during the real-world drinking episode, supporting the feasibility of this approach. The procedure was acceptable, as evidenced by high participant ratings for overall satisfaction with the EMA software and study procedures and low ratings for intrusiveness of the mobile surveys. Regarding safety, participants endorsed few drinking-related consequences during or after the real-world drinking episode, with no adverse or serious adverse events reported. There were no differences between the groups in terms of changes in drinking behavior or consequences from baseline to two-week follow-up.Conclusions: This study provided preliminary support for the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of a smartphone-based EMA of real-time alcohol use and related outcomes in young adult heavy drinkers. The results suggest that young adults can use smartphones to safely monitor drinking even during very heavy drinking episodes. Smartphone-based EMA has strong potential to inform future research on the epidemiology of and intervention for alcohol use disorder by providing researchers with an efficient and inexpensive way to capture large amounts of data on real-world drinking behavior and consequences.