Unimpaired Attentional Disengagement and Social Orienting in Children with Autism.
Unimpaired Attentional Disengagement and Social Orienting in Children with Autism.
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自闭症儿童的不受影响的注意力脱离接触和社会导向。
DOI：
10.1177/2167702613496242
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发表时间：
2014-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kanwisher N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fischer J;Koldewyn K;Jiang YV;Kanwisher N
视觉注意通常被认为在自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的发展中起因果作用。因为注意力塑造了感知、学习和社会互动，早期注意力缺陷可能会对其他知觉和认知能力的发展产生重大影响。在这里，我们测试了两种被认为在自闭症中被扰乱的关键注意力现象：注意力脱离和社交定向。在自由观看范式中，我们发现这两种现象都存在于患有自闭症的高功能儿童(n=44，年龄5-12岁)中，并且在规模上与年龄和智商匹配的典型儿童(n=40)相同。尽管这些注意过程在其他情况下可能会出现故障，但我们的数据表明，患有自闭症的高功能儿童不会受到注意力脱离或社交定向的全面干扰。再加上越来越多的证据表明，其他注意力能力基本完好无损，核心注意力能力的中断似乎越来越不可能是自闭症的根源。
Visual attention is often hypothesized to play a causal role in the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Because attention shapes perception, learning, and social interaction, early deficits in attention could substantially affect the development of other perceptual and cognitive abilities. Here we test two key attentional phenomena thought to be disrupted in autism: attentional disengagement and social orienting. We find in a free-viewing paradigm that both phenomena are present in high-functioning children with ASD (n = 44, ages 5–12 years) and are identical in magnitude to those in age- and IQ-matched typical children (n = 40). Although these attentional processes may malfunction in other circumstances, our data indicate that high-functioning children with ASD do not suffer from across-the-board disruptions of either attentional disengagement or social orienting. Combined with mounting evidence that other attentional abilities are largely intact, it seems increasingly unlikely that disruptions of core attentional abilities lie at the root of ASD.