Responses to Cytokines and Interferons that Depend upon JAKs and STATs
Responses to Cytokines and Interferons that Depend upon JAKs and STATs
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a028555
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Wang, Yuxin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stark, George R.;Cheon, HyeonJoo;Wang, Yuxin
许多细胞因子和所有干扰素激活一个小的蛋白激酶家族(Janus激酶[JAKs])和一个稍大的转录因子家族(信号转导和转录激活因子[STATs])的成员，它们是诱导敏感细胞中特定基因集表达的途径的重要组成部分。JAK-STAT通路是许多先天性和获得性免疫反应所必需的，这些通路的活动必须受到精细的调控，以避免重大的免疫功能障碍。调控是通过激活或诱导有效的负性调节蛋白、STATS的翻译后修饰和其他针对细胞类型的调节效应来实现的。JAK和STATS的突变可能导致功能的获得或丧失，并可能使受影响的个人容易患上自身免疫性疾病、对各种感染的易感性或癌症。在这里，我们回顾了JAK和STAT在生物化学、遗传学和生物学方面的最新进展。
Many cytokines and all interferons activate members of a small family of kinases (the Janus kinases [JAKs]) and a slightly larger family of transcription factors (the signal transducers and activators of transcription [STATs]), which are essential components of pathways that induce the expression of specific sets of genes in susceptible cells. JAK-STAT pathways are required for many innate and acquired immune responses, and the activities of these pathways must be finely regulated to avoid major immune dysfunctions. Regulation is achieved through mechanisms that include the activation or induction of potent negative regulatory proteins, posttranslational modification of the STATs, and other modulatory effects that are cell-type specific. Mutations of JAKs and STATs can result in gains or losses of function and can predispose affected individuals to autoimmune disease, susceptibility to a variety of infections, or cancer. Here we review recent developments in the biochemistry, genetics, and biology of JAKs and STATs.