Porphyromonas gulae Has Virulence and Immunological Characteristics Similar to Those of the Human Periodontal Pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis
Porphyromonas gulae Has Virulence and Immunological Characteristics Similar to Those of the Human Periodontal Pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis
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DOI：
10.1128/iai.01500-15
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Reynolds, Eric C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lenzo, Jason C.;O'Brien-Simpson, Neil M.;Reynolds, Eric C.
牙周炎是伴侣动物的一个重要问题，但对疾病相关的微生物群知之甚少。牙龈卟啉单胞菌的主要毒力因子是牙龈卟啉菌蛋白酶的赖氨酰和天冬酰特异性蛋白水解活性。我们筛选了几种从伴侣动物中分离的卟啉单胞菌-溶脂卟啉菌、围齿卟啉菌、牙髓卟啉菌、莱维卟啉菌、古莱卟啉菌、麦穗卟啉菌、卡他卟啉菌和唾液卟啉菌-的赖氨酸和精氨酸特异性蛋白水解活性，并比较了上皮细胞和巨噬细胞的反应以及蛋白酶活性种与牙龈卟啉单胞菌的牙槽骨吸收诱导。只有P. gulae表现出赖氨酸和精氨酸特异性蛋白水解活性。编码牙龈卟啉菌蛋白酶（RgpA/B和Kgp）的基因在P. gulae菌株ATCC 51700和P. gulae菌株的所有可公开获得的12个草案基因组中鉴定。在牙周炎动物模型中，P. gulae ATCC 51700诱导的牙槽骨吸收水平与P. gingivalis W50相似，并且表现出更高的自聚集能力和与口腔上皮细胞结合的能力，并诱导细胞凋亡。发现巨噬细胞（RAW 264.7）以相似的水平吞噬古雷毕赤酵母ATCC 51700和有菌毛的牙龈毕赤酵母ATCC 33277。巨噬细胞对牙龈卟啉单胞菌ATCC 51700的应答中分泌的细胞因子水平高于牙龈卟啉单胞菌ATCC 33277诱导的细胞因子水平，但低于牙龈卟啉单胞菌W50诱导的细胞因子水平，除了白细胞介素-6应答。我们的研究结果表明，P. gulae表现出与人类牙周病原体P. gingivalis相似的毒力特征，因此可能在伴侣动物牙周炎的发展中发挥关键作用。
Periodontitis is a significant problem in companion animals, and yet little is known about the disease-associated microbiota. A major virulence factor for the human periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis is the lysyl-and arginyl-specific proteolytic activity of the gingipains. We screened several Porphyromonas species isolated from companion animals-P. asaccharolytica, P. circumdentaria, P. endodontalis, P. levii, P. gulae, P. macacae, P. catoniae, and P. salivosa-for Lys- and Arg-specific proteolytic activity and compared the epithelial and macrophage responses and induction of alveolar bone resorption of the protease active species to that of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Only P. gulae exhibited Lys-and Arg-specific proteolytic activity. The genes encoding the gingipains (RgpA/B and Kgp) were identified in the P. gulae strain ATCC 51700 and all publicly available 12 draft genomes of P. gulae strains. P. gulae ATCC 51700 induced levels of alveolar bone resorption in an animal model of periodontitis similar to those in P. gingivalis W50 and exhibited a higher capacity for autoaggregation and binding to oral epithelial cells with induction of apoptosis. Macrophages (RAW 264.7) were found to phagocytose P. gulae ATCC 51700 and the fimbriated P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 at similar levels. In response to P. gulae ATCC 51700, macrophages secreted higher levels of cytokines than those induced by P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 but lower than those induced by P. gingivalis W50, except for the interleukin-6 response. Our results indicate that P. gulae exhibits virulence characteristics similar to those of the human periodontal pathogen P. gingivalis and therefore may play a key role in the development of periodontitis in companion animals.