Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Enhance Axonal Regeneration through Cross-Facial Nerve Grafting in a Rat Model of Facial Paralysis
Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Enhance Axonal Regeneration through Cross-Facial Nerve Grafting in a Rat Model of Facial Paralysis
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DOI：
10.1097/prs.0000000000002351
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发表时间：
2016-08-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Yazici, Ayse C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abbas, Ozan L.;Borman, Huseyin;Yazici, Ayse C.
背景：面部交叉神经移植联合功能性肌肉移植已成为完全不可逆面瘫患者重建情绪控制微笑的标准方法。然而，这种方法的有效性取决于再生轴突打破两个神经接合并在去神经支配肌肉中重新支配终板的能力。目前的研究验证了脂肪来源的干细胞可以通过跨面神经移植促进轴突再生，从而促进面神经功能恢复的假设。方法：12只大鼠行右侧面神经横断术，以坐骨神经为间位移植物，与同侧和对侧颊支配合进行面神经移植。将大鼠平均分为两组：移植但未处理的对照组和移植和脂肪来源的干细胞处理组。术后3个月，对患者的触须运动进行生物识别和电生理评估。组织学分析神经纤维密度谱、髓鞘厚度谱、纤维直径谱、g比谱。采用免疫组化染色评价神经肌肉连接处乙酰胆碱含量。结果：从触须运动的生物特征和电生理分析、免疫组织化学分析和神经组织学评估数据显示，脂肪源性干细胞通过移植物显著促进轴突再生。结论：这些观察结果表明，脂肪来源的干细胞可能是一种临床可翻译的新方法，可以增强交叉面神经移植后的恢复。
Background: Cross-face nerve grafting combined with functional muscle transplantation has become the standard in reconstructing an emotionally controlled smile in complete irreversible facial palsy. However, the efficacy of this procedure depends on the ability of regenerating axons to breach two nerve coaptations and reinnervate endplates in denervated muscle. The current study tested the hypothesis that adipose-derived stem cells would enhance axonal regeneration through a cross-facial nerve graft and thereby enhance recovery of the facial nerve function.Methods: Twelve rats underwent transection of the right facial nerve, and cross-facial nerve grafting using the sciatic nerve as an interpositional graft, with coaptations to the ipsilateral and contralateral buccal branches, was carried out. Rats were divided equally into two groups: a grafted but nontreated control group and a grafted and adipose-derived stem cell-treated group. Three months after surgery, biometric and electrophysiologic assessments of vibrissae movements were performed. Histologically, the spectra of fiber density, myelin sheath thickness, fiber diameter, and g ratio of the nerve were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for the evaluation of acetylcholine in the neuromuscular junctions.Results: The data from the biometric and electrophysiologic analysis of vibrissae movements, immunohistochemical analysis, and histologic assessment of the nerve showed that adipose-derived stem cells significantly enhanced axonal regeneration through the graft.Conclusion: These observations suggest that adipose-derived stem cells could be a clinically translatable route toward new methods to enhance recovery after cross-facial nerve grafting.