Inclination and heterogeneity of layered geological sequences influence dike-induced ground deformation
Inclination and heterogeneity of layered geological sequences influence dike-induced ground deformation
复制标题
层状地质序列的倾斜度和非均质性影响堤坝引起的地面变形
作者：
Clunes M
对堤防就位引起的地面变形的数量和模式的限制对于评估潜在的喷发是很重要的。在火山动乱期间为监测火山而进行的绝大多数地面形变反演都假定岩脉位于弹性半空间(均质地壳)或由具有不同力学性质的水平层组成的地壳中。我们扩展了这些模型，设计了一套新颖的二维有限元数值模拟方法，考虑了与具有倾斜层的力学非均匀地壳有关的岩脉引起的地表变形，从而模拟了因构造力而褶皱的层状火山和地壳段的常见几何形状。我们的结果证实，地层倾斜可以产生局部的地面变形，其变形幅度可能比非分层模型中预期的高40倍，这取决于倾角和围岩单元的刚度。产生的不对称变形模式产生的变形峰值与非分层模型中预期的变形峰值相差1.4公里。这些结果突显了准确量化活火山背后地质的力学性质和态度的必要性。
Constraints on the amount and pattern of ground deformation induced by dike emplacement are important for assessing potential eruptions. The vast majority of ground deformation inversions made for volcano monitoring during volcanic unrest assume that dikes are emplaced in either an elastic half-space (a homogeneous crust) or a crust made of horizontal layers with different mechanical properties. We extend these models by designing a novel set of two-dimensional finite-element method numerical simulations that consider dike-induced surface deformation related to a mechanically heterogeneous crust with inclined layers, thus modeling a common geometry in stratovolcanoes and crustal segments that have been folded by tectonic forces. Our results confirm that layer inclination can produce localized ground deformation that may be as much as 40× higher in terms of deformation magnitude than would be expected in a non-layered model, depending on the angle of inclination and the stiffness of the rock units that host and are adjacent to the dike. Generated asymmetrical deformation patterns produce deformation peaks located as much as 1.4 km away from those expected in non-layered models. These results highlight the necessity of accurately quantifying both the mechanical properties and attitude of the geology underlying active volcanoes.
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DOI：
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DOI：
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