Elevational transplantation suggests different responses of African submontane and savanna plants to climate warming
Elevational transplantation suggests different responses of African submontane and savanna plants to climate warming
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2745.12842
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发表时间：
2018-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
A. Ensslin;N. Mollel;A. Hemp;M. Fischer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Ensslin;N. Mollel;A. Hemp;M. Fischer
尽管热带地区的气候变化很大，但人们对热带植物对环境变化的反应知之甚少。此外，虽然植物功能群对气候变化的反应变化可能有助于预测未来的植被动态，但热带多物种研究却缺失了。为了研究植物对温度变化的反应，我们比较了101个草本植物物种的生存，生长和繁殖起源于热带稀树草原和山下植被带在两个实验花园代表这两个地区的气候在基利曼哈罗，坦桑尼亚。此外，我们测试了植物功能群，如一年生植物和多年生植物，耐荫和不耐荫的物种，草和杂类草，以及本地和外来物种对移植的反应是否不同。我们表明，在较低的基利曼哈罗地区的山下物种显然更喜欢凉爽的山下温度的生存，生长和繁殖，而稀树草原植物可以同样良好地生长在两个，山下和稀树草原的温度制度。这表明，热带山下植物可能会面临严峻的挑战，未来的气候变暖，热带稀树草原植物的分布上限可能是由于生物的相互作用，而不是气候。此外，我们发现不同的反应，草和杂类草，本地人和外来物种移植，无论其原产地，强调考虑植物功能群在气候变化研究的重要性。合成.我们展示了不同的热带山下和稀树草原植物实验温度变化的反应。再加上观察到的重要功能植物群之间的差异，这使我们认为，非洲热带山区的植被组成的未来变化很可能会很大。
Despite strong climate change in the tropics, little is known about the responses of tropical plants to changing environments. Moreover, while variation in responses to climate change across plant functional groups may help to predict future vegetation dynamics, tropical multi‐species studies are missing. To study plant responses to changes in temperature, we compared the survival, growth and reproduction of 101 herbaceous species originating from the savanna and the submontane vegetation zones in two experimental gardens representing the climate of both zones at Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Additionally, we tested whether plant functional groups, such as annuals and perennials, shade‐tolerant and shade‐intolerant species, grasses and forbs, and natives and exotics differ in their responses to transplantation. We show that the submontane species in the lower Kilimanjaro area clearly prefer the cooler submontane temperature in terms of survival, growth and reproduction, while savanna plants can grow equally well under both, the submontane and the savanna temperature regimes. This suggests that tropical submontane plants will likely face severe challenges with future climate warming and that the upper distributional limit of savanna plants may be due to biotic interactions rather than to climate. Moreover, we found different responses of grasses and forbs, and natives and exotics to transplantation irrespective of their origin, underlining the importance of considering plant functional groups in climate change research. Synthesis. We demonstrate different responses of tropical submontane and savanna plants to experimental temperature variation. Together with the observed differences between important functional plant groups, this leads us to suggest that strong future changes in vegetation composition on African tropical mountains are likely.