Temporal Evolution of Green Stormwater Infrastructure Strategies in Three US Cities
Temporal Evolution of Green Stormwater Infrastructure Strategies in Three US Cities
复制标题
美国三个城市绿色雨水基础设施战略的时间演变
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
A. Matsler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. McPhillips;A. Matsler
在过去的几十年里，人们对绿色雨水基础设施（GSI）的兴趣迅速增加，特别是考虑到其提供雨水管理以及其他生态系统服务和共同效益（如城市热岛缓解或栖息地提供）的潜力。在这里，我们探讨了GSI在三个美国城市的实施-巴尔的摩（马里兰州），凤凰城（亚利桑那州）和波特兰（俄勒冈州）。我们研究了几十年来GSI建设的趋势，强调了实施率和GSI类型的变化以及监管和经济的变化。此外，我们还讨论了这些GSI组合在城市地区的生态系统服务提供的影响。结果表明，波特兰的GSI数量大约是凤凰城或巴尔的摩的GSI数量的十倍。然而，巴尔的摩拥有最多样化的GSI类型组合。在凤凰城，以防洪为重点的区域雨水政策导致几十年来保留盆地成为主要的GSI类型。相反，随着时间的推移，波特兰和巴尔的摩的GSI投资组合都发生了重大变化，从滞留或滞留盆地和地下设施过渡到过滤器、渗透设施和洼地。这些变化有利于提高水质功能以及提供其他生态系统服务。此外，我们发现的证据表明，每个城市遵循不同的GSI实施途径，与波特兰的联合污水溢流计划影响GSI的初步发展，而国家立法和区域水质压力发挥了重要作用，在巴尔的摩的GSI的发展。通过研究GSI在这些不同城市的演变，我们可以看到雨水管理轨迹的变化，以及它们如何体现在不同的好处。我们希望对GSI实施和性能的持续研究将为这些基础设施的未来改进找到机会。
Over the last several decades, interest in green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) has rapidly increased, particularly given its potential to provide stormwater management in conjunction with other ecosystem services and co-benefits such as urban heat island mitigation or habitat provision. Here we explore the implementation of GSI in three US cities – Baltimore (Maryland), Phoenix (Arizona), and Portland (Oregon). We examine the trends in GSI construction over several decades, highlighting changes in implementation rates and GSI types with concurrent regulatory and economic changes. Additionally, we discuss the implications of these GSI portfolios for ecosystem service delivery in urban areas. Results indicate that Portland’s quantity of GSI is approximately ten times greater than the quantity of GSI in Phoenix or Baltimore. However, Baltimore has the most diverse portfolio of GSI types. In Phoenix, regional stormwater policies focused on flood control have led to retention basins being the dominant GSI type for decades. In contrast, Portland and Baltimore both have had substantial changes in their GSI portfolios over time, with transitions from detention or retention basins and underground facilities towards filters, infiltration facilities, and swales. These changes favor increased water quality function as well as provision of other ecosystem services. Additionally, we find evidence that each city followed a different GSI implementation pathway, with Portland’s combined sewer overflow program influencing initial development of GSI, while state legislation and regional water quality pressures played a major role in Baltimore’s GSI development. By studying the evolution of GSI in these different cities, we can see the variability in stormwater management trajectories and how they manifest in different suites of benefits. We hope that continued research of GSI implementation and performance will identify opportunities for future improvement of these infrastructures.
影响因子：
7
作者：
Irwin, Nicholas B.;Klaiber, H. Allen;Irwin, Elena G.
通讯作者：
Irwin, Elena G.