Scientific and clinical applications of magnetic carriers
Scientific and clinical applications of magnetic carriers
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4757-6482-6
复制
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
U. Häfeli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
U. Häfeli
近50年前，陶氏化学公司的聚合物化学家发现了均匀的乳胶粒子，为科学家和医生开辟了新的令人兴奋的领域，并建立了许多新的生物医学应用。许多体外诊断试验，如乳胶凝集试验、分析细胞和吞噬试验已经成为常规。它们都是在小颗粒与生物活性分子以及荧光和放射性标记结合的基础上开发出来的。进一步的发展正在进行中，重点现在转移到聚合物颗粒在生物系统中受控和直接运输药物的应用上。四个重要因素使微球在体内的应用变得有趣：第一，生物兼容的聚合物颗粒可以用来运输已知数量的药物，并以受控的方式重新释放它们。其次，粒子可以由在生物体内生物降解的材料制成，而不会造成任何伤害。第三，表面经过修饰的颗粒能够避免被网状内皮系统快速捕获，从而延长其血液循环时间。第四，将粒子与特定分子结合可能允许器官定向靶向。
The discovery of uniform latex particles by polymer chemists of the Dow Chemical Company nearly 50 years ago opened up new exciting fields for scientists and physicians and established many new biomedical applications. Many in vitro diagnostic tests such as the latex agglutination tests, analytical cell and phagocytosis tests have since become rou tine. They were all developed on the basis of small particles bound to biological active molecules and fluorescent and radioactive markers. Further developments are ongoing, with the focus now shifted to applications of polymer particles in the controlled and di rected transport of drugs in living systems. Four important factors make microspheres interesting for in vivo applications: First, biocompatible polymer particles can be used to transport known amounts of drug and re lease them in a controlled fashion. Second, particles can be made of materials which bio degrade in living organisms without doing any harm. Third, particles with modified surfaces are able to avoid rapid capture by the reticuloendothelial system and therefore en hance their blood circulation time. Fourth, combining particles with specific molecules may allow organ-directed targeting.