The SMART-1 lunar impact

The SMART-1 lunar impact
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SMART-1 月球撞击

DOI:
10.1016/j.icarus.2009.10.005
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发表时间:
2010
期刊:
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Burchell M
Burchell M
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Burchell M

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2006年9月3日,SMART-1航天器以2公里−1的速度和很浅的入射角(∼1°)撞击了月球。由此产生的撞击坑太小,从地球上看不到;因此,这里通过实验室在相同速度和入射角下的撞击实验,结合外推到正确的尺寸比例,以匹配SMART-1撞击,确定了一般陨石坑的大小和形状。这预示着一个高度不对称的陨石坑,长约5.5-26米,宽1.9-9米,深0.23-1.5米,体积约0.71-6.9立方米。一些挖掘出的物质将进入陨石坑边缘的墙壁,但0.64-6.3立方米将是弹道轨迹上的抛射物,与2200-21800公斤的月球物质云离开撞击地点相对应。月球上的浅梅西耶陨石坑也是类似的不对称,通常被认为是由高度倾斜的撞击产生的。从地球上观测到了撞击产生的闪光和相关的喷发羽流,但没有获得闪光的量级,因此无法获得撞击事件的发光效率。
The SMART-1 spacecraft impacted the Moon on 3rd September 2006 at a speed of 2kms−1and at a very shallow angle of incidence (∼1°). The resulting impact crater is too small to be viewed from the Earth; accordingly, the general crater size and shape have been determined here by laboratory impact experiments at the same speed and angle of incidence combined with extrapolating to the correct size scale to match the SMART-1 impact. This predicts a highly asymmetric crater approximately 5.5–26m long, 1.9–9m wide, 0.23–1.5m deep and 0.71–6.9m3volume. Some of the excavated mass will have gone into crater rim walls, but 0.64–6.3m3would have been ejecta on ballistic trajectories corresponding to a cloud of 2200–21,800kg of lunar material moving away from the impact site. The shallow Messier crater on the Moon is similarly asymmetric and is usually taken as arising from a highly oblique impact. The light flash from the impact and the associated ejecta plume were observed from Earth, but the flash magnitude was not obtained, so it is not possible to obtain the luminous efficiency of the impact event.
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