The Dynamics of Income Inequality: The Case of China in a Comparative Perspective
The Dynamics of Income Inequality: The Case of China in a Comparative Perspective
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DOI：
10.1093/esr/jcz016
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发表时间：
2019-04
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
T. Chan;J. Ermisch;R. Gruijters
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Chan;J. Ermisch;R. Gruijters
我们比较了中国、德国、英国和美国的家庭收入面板数据。与之前的研究一致，我们表明中国的收入分配比这三个西方国家更加不平等。但中国的代内收入流动性也较高。由于流动性往往会产生收入均等效应，因此，与其他国家相比，不平等的快照指标夸大了中国不平等的真实水平。但即使我们考虑到流动性的影响，中国的永久收入分配仍然比美国、英国和德国更加不平等。此外，在这三个西方国家，收入不平等的大部分是个人之间而不是个人内部。中国则相反。我们还表明，中国收入不平等最重要的决定因素是那些早于市场改革的长期制度。
We compare household income panel data from China, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Consistent with previous research, we show that income is more unequally distributed in China than in the three Western countries. But China also has a higher level of intra-generational income mobility. Because mobility tends to have an income-equalizing effect, the snapshot measures of inequality overstate the true level of inequality in China to a greater degree than they do for the other countries. But even after we have taken into account the impact of mobility, permanent income is still more unequally distributed in China than in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany. Moreover, in the three Western countries, the lion’s share of income inequality is between individuals rather than within individual. The opposite holds for China. We also show that the most important determinants of income inequality in China are those long-standing institutions that predate the market reform.