Lexical-semantic organization in children with specific language impairment.
Lexical-semantic organization in children with specific language impairment.
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DOI：
10.1044/1092-4388(2009/08-0160
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发表时间：
2010-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Li Sheng;K. McGregor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li Sheng;K. McGregor
目的探讨特殊语言障碍(SLI)儿童是否在词汇-语义组织方面存在缺陷，如果是，这些缺陷是否与他们在词汇量方面的延迟相称，以及这些缺陷是否会影响所有SLI儿童。方法14名SLI儿童、14名年龄匹配者(AM)和14名表现性词汇匹配者(VM)分别与48个单词产生3个联想。关联被编码为语义(例如，狗-宠物)、叮当(例如，奶牛-如何)或错误(例如，勺子-迪斯尼)。结果与AM儿童相比，SLI儿童产生较少的语义反应、较多的叮当声和较多的错误。与VM儿童相比，SLI儿童的语义反应较少，错误较多。在整个启发试验中，AM和VM儿童的语义反应减少，但在SLI儿童中保持稳定。对SLI组个体表现的检查表明，语义表现不佳与表达词汇量不足以及接受性和表现性词汇量之间的差距有关。结论SLI儿童在词汇-语义组织技能上存在显著差异。一组SLI儿童表现出词汇-语义组织的缺陷，他们可能伴随着寻找单词的困难。
PURPOSE To determine whether children with specific language impairment (SLI) show deficits in lexical-semantic organization and, if so, whether these deficits are commensurate with their delay in vocabulary size and whether the deficits affect all children with SLI. METHOD Fourteen children with SLI, 14 age matches (AM), and 14 expressive vocabulary matches (VM) generated 3 associations to each of 48 words. Associations were coded as semantic (e.g., dog-pet), clang (e.g., cow-how), or erroneous (e.g., spoon-Disney). RESULTS Relative to the AM children, children with SLI produced fewer semantic responses, more clangs, and more errors. Relative to the VM children, fewer semantic responses and more errors in the children with SLI were found in by-item analyses. Across elicitation trials, semantic responses decreased in the AM and VM children but remained stable in the SLI children. Examination of individual performance in the SLI group revealed that poor semantic performance was associated with a deficit in expressive vocabulary and a gap between receptive and expressive vocabularies. CONCLUSIONS Significant variability in lexical-semantic organization skills exists among children with SLI. Deficits in lexical-semantic organization were demonstrated by a subgroup of children with SLI who likely had concomitant word-finding difficulties.