Mental time travel, memory and the social learning strategies tournament
Mental time travel, memory and the social learning strategies tournament
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DOI：
10.1016/j.lmot.2012.05.009
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发表时间：
2012-11-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Laland, K. N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fogarty, L.;Rendell, L.;Laland, K. N.
社会学习策略锦标赛是一个开放的基于计算机的锦标赛，调查在不断变化的环境中学习的最佳方式。在这里，我们分析了记忆对进入社会学习策略锦标赛的策略能力的影响（Rendell，Boyd等人，2010年），以修改自己的行为，以适应不断变化的环境。比赛表明，一个策略记住过去和预测未来的能力都是其成功的关键。一个策略需要进行近似的“心理时间旅行”才能在锦标赛中取得成功的可能性强烈暗示，对随机时间的社会学习的投资不足以保证成功。一个战略必须战略性地使用社会学习，同时参考预测的未来环境状态和过去的环境状态。我们研究了两个最成功的策略（DiscountMachine和Intergeneration）在他们使用的记忆和讨论他们的复杂的记忆使用的影响，他们的时间学习策略和跟踪环境变化的能力。这项比赛表明，人类的心理时间旅行能力可能提高了社会学习的效率，并使人类能够投资于比动物王国其他地方更复杂的社会学习。(C)2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
The social learning strategies tournament was an open computer-based tournament investigating the best way to learn in a changing environment. Here we present an analysis of the impact of memory on the ability of strategies entered into the social learning strategies tournament (Rendell, Boyd, et al., 2010) to modify their own behavior to suit a changing environment. The tournament showed that a strategy's ability to remember the past and to predict the future were both key to its success. The possibility that a strategy needs to engage in an approximation of 'mental time travel' to succeed in the tournament strongly implies that investment in randomly timed social learning is not enough to guarantee success. A strategy must use social learning strategically with reference to both predicted future environmental states and past environmental states. We examine the two most successful strategies (DiscountMachine and Intergeneration) in terms of their use of memory and discuss the impact of their complex memory use on their ability to time learning moves strategically and track environmental change. The tournament suggests that the human capacity for mental time travel may have improved the efficiency of social learning and allowed humans to invest in more sophisticated social learning than is seen elsewhere in the animal kingdom. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.