Prevalence and causes of reduced visual acuity among children aged three to six years in a metropolis in China
Prevalence and causes of reduced visual acuity among children aged three to six years in a metropolis in China
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我国某大城市3～6岁儿童视力下降患病率及原因分析
DOI：
10.1111/opo.12249
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Liu, Hu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pan, Chen-Wei;Chen, Xuejuan;Liu, Hu
目的：了解中国某大城市学龄前儿童视力下降的发生率及其可能的原因。方法：采用年龄分层随机抽样方法，对2011 - 2012年南京市雨花台区3 ~ 6岁学龄前儿童5862名进行校本儿童眼部调查。临床检查包括眼准直、眼球运动、视力、棱镜盖试验、睫状体麻痹性屈光、立体视觉筛查、裂隙灯检查和眼底检查，由训练有素的眼科医师和验光师进行。视压降低被定义为视压低于0.30 logMAR (Snellen 6/12或20/40)，无论是好眼还是差眼。结果：5667例（94.8%）有完整VA数据的儿童被纳入数据分析。其中，差眼VA降低208例，好眼VA降低93例。较差眼的VA降低率为3.7%(95%可信区间[CI] 3.2% ~ 4.2%)，较好眼的VA降低率为1.6%（95%可信区间[CI] 1.3% ~ 2.0%）。VA降低的年龄、性别差异无统计学意义（p < 0.05）。屈光不正和弱视是造成视差差眼视差降低的主要原因，分别占视差降低病例总数的66.8%和32.7%。散光和远视是导致VA降低的主要屈光不正类型。结论：中国学龄前儿童VA降低的负担与美国同龄亚洲儿童相似。未矫正的屈光不正和弱视是中国学龄前儿童（3 - 6岁）视力下降的主要原因。
Purpose: To determine the prevalence and possible causes for reduced visual acuity (VA) in preschool children in a metropolis in China.Methods: A school-based paediatric eye survey including 5862 preschool children aged three to 6 years was conducted from 2011 to 2012 in Yuhuatai District, Nanjing, China, using an age-stratified random sampling procedure. Clinical examinations including ocular alignment, ocular motility, visual acuity, prism cover test, cycloplegic refraction, stereopsis screening, slit lamp examination and fundus examination were performed by trained study ophthalmologists and optometrists. Reduced VA was defined as presenting VA of worse than 0.30 logMAR (Snellen 6/12 or 20/40), for both better and worse eyes.Results: 5667 (94.8%) children with complete VA data were included in the data analyses. Among them, 208 and 93 had reduced VA in the worse and better eye, respectively. Reduced VA was detected in 3.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.2%-4.2%) in the worse eye and 1.6% (95% CI 1.3%-2.0%) in the better eye. No significant age and gender differences in reduced VA were observed (p > 0.05). Refractive errors and amblyopia were the principal causes for reduced VA in the worse eye which accounted for 66.8% and 32.7% of the total cases with reduced VA, respectively. Astigmatism and hyperopia were the major types of refractive errors causing reduced VA.Conclusions: The burden of reduced VA in preschool children in China was similar to that of Asian children of similar ages in the United States. Uncorrected refractive error and amblyopia were the principal causes for reduced VA among preschoolers (aged three to 6 years) in China.