Review of histopathological and molecular prognostic features in colorectal cancer.
Review of histopathological and molecular prognostic features in colorectal cancer.
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DOI：
10.3390/cancers3022767
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发表时间：
2011-06-23
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Schofield J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marzouk O;Schofield J
结直肠癌预后的预测对于治疗方案的选择至关重要。组织病理学因素在这方面仍然至关重要。肿瘤大小、组织学类型和亚型、印章环形态的存在和分化程度以及淋巴管侵犯和淋巴结受累的存在等因素是众所周知的影响结果的因素。在过去的几年里，我们对这些因素的理解有所提高，肿瘤出芽、淋巴细胞浸润等因素被认为很重要。同样，切除边缘（尤其是圆周边缘）的预后意义在过去二十年中也得到了重视。许多分子和遗传标记，如 KRAS、BRAF 和微卫星不稳定性也很重要，并且与某些患者的组织学特征相关。本综述总结了我们目前对影响结直肠癌预后的主要组织病理学因素的认识。
Prediction of prognosis in colorectal cancer is vital for the choice of therapeutic options. Histopathological factors remain paramount in this respect. Factors such as tumor size, histological type and subtype, presence of signet ring morphology and the degree of differentiation as well as the presence of lymphovascular invasion and lymph node involvement are well known factors that influence outcome. Our understanding of these factors has improved in the past few years with factors such as tumor budding, lymphocytic infiltration being recognized as important. Likewise the prognostic significance of resection margins, particularly circumferential margins has been appreciated in the last two decades. A number of molecular and genetic markers such as KRAS, BRAF and microsatellite instability are also important and correlate with histological features in some patients. This review summarizes our current understanding of the main histopathological factors that affect prognosis of colorectal cancer.