Sources, geochemical speciation, and risk assessment of metals in coastal sediments: a case study in the Bohai Sea, China
Sources, geochemical speciation, and risk assessment of metals in coastal sediments: a case study in the Bohai Sea, China
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沿海沉积物中金属的来源、地球化学形态和风险评估：以中国渤海为例
DOI：
10.1007/s12665-017-6599-4
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Ma, Deyi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Ningjing;Liu, Jihua;Ma, Deyi
为了研究渤海沉积物中金属的来源和毒性，测量了表层沉积物中金属的浓度和地球化学形态。金属分布和主成分分析表明，锌、铅、镉和银主要来自人为来源，而本文研究的大多数其他金属被发现来自天然岩石风化和钙质海洋生物群。研究区域人为金属输入的主要来源是采矿业、港口运输服务、汽车尾气和农业径流。使用经验沉积物质量指南和风险评估规范来评估该地区的金属毒性。我们的研究结果表明，镉对生态系统具有很高的风险，因为它是在非残留相中发现的，且往往结合较弱且生物利用度较高； Cu、Pb、Ni 和 Co 的风险较低；锌和铬不存在风险。使用镉和铬的阈值效应水平和效应范围低值作为渤海的指导方针的用途有限，因为它们没有考虑海洋环境中元素的生物利用度和毒性。对河流和大气源年金属通量的评估表明，渤海金属的最大贡献来自于河流的悬浮颗粒物负荷。此外，还发现渤海金属的主要沉积区是河口和中心泥区。
To investigate the sources and toxicity of metals in Bohai Sea sediments, concentration and geochemical speciation of metals of surface sediments were measured. Metal distributions and principal component analysis suggested that Zn, Pb, Cd, and Ag were largely derived from anthropogenic sources, whereas the majority of the other metals studied here were found to have been derived from natural rock weathering and calcareous marine biota. The major sources of anthropogenic metal inputs to the study region are from the mining industry, port transport services, vehicle exhausts, and agricultural runoff. Empirical sediment quality guidelines and the risk assessment code were used to evaluate the metal toxicities in this area. Our results show that Cd presents a high risk to the ecological system because it was found in the non-residual phase, which tends to be weakly bound and highly bioavailable; Cu, Pb, Ni, and Co pose a low risk; Zn and Cr present no risk. The use of the threshold effects level and effects range-low values of Cd and Cr as guidelines for the Bohai Sea are of limited use as they do not account for the bioavailability and toxicity of the elements in marine environments. Assessment of the annual metal fluxes from riverine and atmospheric sources indicates that the largest contributions of metals to the Bohai Sea were derived from the suspended particulate load of rivers. Furthermore, it was found that the main depositional zones for metals in the Bohai Sea were in estuaries and the center mud zones.