Summertime thermal conditions and senior resident behaviors in public housing: A case study in Elizabeth, NJ, USA
Summertime thermal conditions and senior resident behaviors in public housing: A case study in Elizabeth, NJ, USA
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DOI：
10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106411
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发表时间：
2020-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
I. Tsoulou;C. Andrews;Ruikang He;G. Mainelis;Jennifer S. Senick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Tsoulou;C. Andrews;Ruikang He;G. Mainelis;Jennifer S. Senick
随着热浪变得越来越极端，生活条件差、资源有限的老年城市居民的健康问题日益受到关注。许多研究记录了与热脆弱性的社会经济联系，但尽管当地社区的要求越来越多，但对脆弱人群的详细生活条件进行调查的研究有限。本文研究了美国新泽西州伊丽莎白市3个公共住宅基地（2个传统多户住宅和1个leed认证建筑）内24个老年公寓的夏季热性能，以及老年人的适应反应。从2017年5月至10月，通过传感器、访谈和对热环境和行为的观察收集时间序列数据。我们采用多层次、以居住者为中心的方法，利用室内热指数作为热应力的代表，反对场地和建筑特征，以及环境和个人变量。面板回归显示了场地/公寓之间的热变化，并说明了行动的显著影响，例如打开窗户和使用空调。结果还显示了老年人的适应反应在不同地点的差异；拥有中央空调的居民使用它，而来自两个旧场地的居民则参与了更广泛的适应性活动，在某些情况下，达到了与绿色建筑公寓相似的室内热指数。低收入老年人经历的室内热应激可以通过针对个人行为和室外设施的成本效益策略大大减少。这意味着需要对热浪问题采取跨尺度的综合解决方案；包括居民习惯、建筑围护结构、建筑操作和室外空间的变化。
As heat waves become more extreme, there is a growing concern for the health of elderly city dwellers who have poor living conditions and limited access to resources. Much research has documented socioeconomic links to heat vulnerability, but limited studies have investigated the detailed living conditions of vulnerable populations, despite increasing requests from local communities. In this paper, we examine the summertime thermal performance of 24 senior apartments within 3 public housing sites (2 conventional multifamily and 1 LEED-rated building), and the seniors' adaptive responses in Elizabeth, NJ, USA. Time-series data were collected from sensors, interviews and observations on the thermal environment and behavior, from May–October 2017. Our multi-level, occupant-centric approach utilizes the indoor heat index as a proxy for heat stress, against site and building characteristics, and environmental and personal variables. Panel regressions show thermal variations among sites/apartments and illustrate the significant effect of actions, such as window opening and air conditioner use. Results also show how the seniors' adaptive responses vary by site; residents with central air-conditioning use it, while residents from the two older sites engage in a wider range of adaptive actions, and in some cases achieve similar indoor heat indexes as apartments from the green building. Indoor heat stress experienced by low-income seniors can be greatly reduced through cost-effective strategies that target individual behaviors and outdoor amenities. This implies the need for integrated solutions to the heat waves problem across scales; including changes to residents' habits, building envelopes, building operations, and outdoor spaces.